Cavernous angioma history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

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Overview

• Clinical symptoms of this disease include:
  • recurrent headaches,
  • focal neurological deficits,
  • hemorrhagic stroke
  • seizures

• CCM can also be asymptomatic. Familial forms can present asymptomatically, however, when it becomes symptomatic, seizure is the most common symptom.

History and Symptoms

• This disease is characterized by grossly dilated blood vessels with a single layer of endothelium and an absence of neuronal tissue within the lesions.
• These thinly-walled vessels resemble sinusoidal cavities filled with stagnant blood.
• Blood vessels in patients with CCM can range from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. CCM lesions commonly resemble raspberries in external structure.

• Many patients live their whole life without knowing they have a cerebral cavernous malformation.
• Other patients can have severe symptoms like seizures, headaches, paralysis, bleeding in the brain (cerebral hemorrhage, or hemorrhagic stroke), and even death.
• The nature and severity of the symptoms depend on the lesion's location in the brain. Approximately 70% of these lesions occur in the supratentorial region of the brain.
• The remaining 30% occur in the infratentorial region.