Monkeypox historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:
Overview
Monkeypox virus was first identified in monkeys shipped from Singapore to Denmark in1958. First case of monkeypox in humans was reported in a hospitalized child in the Republic of the Congo in 1970. Since 1970, monkeypox virus emerged and cases were recorded in 11 African countries. Until the late 1980s, more than 400 cases were recorded. In the early 1990s, the number of reported cases dramatically declined to zero cases between 1993 and 1995. In 1996, large number of cases were suspected in an outbreak in Democratic Republic of Congo but only small number of cases were laboratory confirmed.
In 2003, 47 cases of monkeypox were confirmed in the United States. In the following years, there has been cases of monkeypox recorded periodically in non-endemic regions, predominately in the United Kingdom and one in Singapore. All of these cases were imported from endemic regions. In May 2022, case clusters of monkeypox were traced around the world over a short period of time. As of May 22, 2022, a total of 109 cases were recorded and 87 suspected around the world. On June 2, 2022, 780 cases of monkeypox were identified or reported to the World Health Organization.