ST elevation myocardial infarction assessing success of reperfusion
| Myocardial infarction | |
 | |
|---|---|
| Diagram of a myocardial infarction (2) of the tip of the anterior wall of the heart (an apical infarct) after occlusion (1) of a branch of the left coronary artery (LCA, right coronary artery = RCA). | |
| ICD-10 | I21-I22 |
| ICD-9 | 410 |
| DiseasesDB | 8664 |
| MedlinePlus | 000195 |
| eMedicine | med/1567 emerg/327 ped/2520 |
| Cardiology Network |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
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Assessment of Reperfusion
Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE), angiographic myocardial perfusion grade (MPG), and assessment of ST segment resolution are recognized as useful techniques for assessing myocardial perfusion.[1]
The relatively simple and readily available evaluation of the ST segment resolution that exceeds 50% at 60 to 90 minutes after reperfusion is a good indicator of enhanced myocardial perfusion.
Persistence of ischemic chest pain, absence of ST segment resolution and hemodynamic and/or electrical instability are generally indicators of failed pharmacological reperfusion and the need to consider rescue PCI and application of aggressive medical treatment.
Clinical Trial Data
According to TIMI-14 study which was evaluated 888 patients; patients with TIMI 3 perfusion and >70% ST segment resolution had substantial enhancement of survival compared with patients without ST segment resolution, and angiographically patent infarct related arteries.[2]
Guidelines (Do Not Edit)
Class IIa
It is reasonable to monitor the pattern of ST elevation, cardiac rhythm, and clinical symptoms over the 60 to 180 minutes after initiation of fibrinolytic therapy. Noninvasive findings suggestive of reperfusion include relief of symptoms, maintenance or restoration of hemodynamic and or electrical stability, and a reduction of at least 50% of the initial ST-segment elevation injury pattern on a follow-up ECG 60 to 90 minutes after initiation of therapy. (Level of Evidence: B) [3]
Sources
- The 2004 ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [4]
- The 2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [3]
References
- ↑ Gibson CM (2003). "Has my patient achieved adequate myocardial reperfusion?". Circulation. 108 (5): 504–7. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000082932.69023.74. PMID 12900495. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ de Lemos JA, Antman EM, Gibson CM; et al. (2000). "Abciximab improves both epicardial flow and myocardial reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Observations from the TIMI 14 trial". Circulation. 101 (3): 239–43. PMID 10645918. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Antman EM, Hand M, Armstrong PW; et al. (2008). "2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration With the Canadian Cardiovascular Society endorsed by the American Academy of Family Physicians: 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Update the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Writing on Behalf of the 2004 Writing Committee". Circulation. 117 (2): 296–329. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.188209. PMID 18071078. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Antman EM, Anbe DT, Armstrong PW, Bates ER, Green LA, Hand M, Hochman JS, Krumholz HM, Kushner FG, Lamas GA, Mullany CJ, Ornato JP, Pearle DL, Sloan MA, Smith SC, Alpert JS, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Gibbons RJ, Gregoratos G, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Hunt SA, Jacobs AK (2004). "ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction)". Circulation. 110 (9): e82–292. PMID 15339869. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)