Hepatorenal syndrome (patient information)

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What is Hepatorenal syndrome?

Hepatorenal syndrome is a condition in which the kidneys fail suddenly in a person with cirrhosis of the liver. It is a serious complication of cirrhosis.

What are the symptoms of Hepatorenal syndrome?

• Abdominal swelling
• Change in mental status
  • Confusion
  • Delirium
  • Dementia
• Coarse muscle movements, jerking
• Dark-colored urine
• Decreased urine production
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weight gain
• Yellow skin

What are the causes of Hepatorenal syndrome?

Hepatorenal syndrome occurs when there is a decrease in kidney function in a person with a liver disorder. Because less urine is removed from the body, nitrogen-containing waste products build up in the bloodstream (azotemia).

Who is at risk for Hepatorenal syndrome?

The disorder occurs in up to 10% of patients hospitalized with liver failure. It is caused by the built-up effects of liver damage and kidney failure in people with:

• Acute liver failure
• Alcoholic hepatitis
• Cirrhosis

Other risk factors include:

• Blood pressure that falls when a person rises or suddenly changes position (orthostatic hypotension)
• Diuretic use
• Gastrointestinal bleeding
• Infection
• Recent abdominal paracentesis

Where to find medical care for Hepatorenal syndrome

Directions to Hospitals Treating Hepatorenal syndrome