Cholera (patient information)

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What are the symptoms of Cholera?

The following is a list of symptoms commonly associated with people who have developed cholera:

• Abdominal cramps
• Dry mucus membranes or mouth
• Dry skin
• Excessive thirst
• Glassy or sunken eyes
• Lack of tears
• Lethargy
• Low urine output
• Nausea
• Rapid dehydration
• Rapid pulse
• Sunken "soft spots" (fontanelles) in infants
• Unusual tiredness
• Vomiting
• Watery diarrhea that starts suddenly and has a "fishy" odor

What are the causes of Cholera?

Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The bacteria releases a toxin that causes increased release of water in the intestines, which produces severe diarrhea.

Cholera occurs in places with poor sanitation, crowding, war, and famine. Common locations for cholera include:

• Africa
• Asia
• India
• Mexico
• South and Central America

People get the infection by eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

A type of vibrio bacteria also has been associated with shellfish, especially raw oysters.

Risk factors include:

• Exposure to contaminated or untreated drinking water
• Living in or traveling to areas where there is cholera

Where to find medical care for Cholera

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholera