Myocarditis classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.
Overview
Myocarditis can be classified clinicopathologically into Fulminant myocarditis, Acute myocarditis, Chronic active myocarditis and Chronic persistent myocarditis.
Clinicopathological classification[1]
- Fulminant myocarditis - Occurs after a viral prodrome. May present as acute severe cardiovascular compromise with ventricular dysfunction. The prognosis is good if the patients survive acute illness[2].
- Acute myocarditis - Presents with less distinct onset of illness with ventricular dysfunction. They may progress to dilated cardiomyopathy.
- Chronic active myocarditis - Has a less distinct onset of illness, with clinical and histologic relapses and development of ventricular dysfunction. Histologically, chronic inflammatory changes with mild to moderate fibrosis may be noted.
- Chronic persistent myocarditis - It is of less distinct onset. It is characterized with persistent histologic infiltration and myocyte necrosis without ventricular dysfunction despite the presence of symptoms.
References
- ↑ Lieberman EB, Hutchins GM, Herskowitz A, Rose NR, Baughman KL (1991). "Clinicopathologic description of myocarditis". J Am Coll Cardiol. 18 (7): 1617–26. PMID 1960305.
- ↑ McCarthy RE, Boehmer JP, Hruban RH, Hutchins GM, Kasper EK, Hare JM; et al. (2000). "Long-term outcome of fulminant myocarditis as compared with acute (nonfulminant) myocarditis". N Engl J Med. 342 (10): 690–5. doi:10.1056/NEJM200003093421003. PMID 10706898.