HIV infection in adolescents
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
An increasing number of HIV-infected children who acquired HIV infection through perinatal transmission are now surviving into adolescence. They generally have had a long clinical course and extensive ARV treatment history.[1] Adolescents with behaviorally acquired infection (i.e., infection acquired via sexual activity or intravenous substance use) generally follow a clinical course similar to that in adults. Because behaviorally infected adolescents are at an early stage of HIV infection, they are potential candidates for early intervention and treatment.
Treatment
Dosing
- Many ARV medications (e.g., abacavir, emtricitabine, lamivudine, tenofovir, and some protease inhibitors [PIs]) are administered to children at higher weight- or surface area-based doses than would be predicted by direct scaling of adult doses, based upon reported PK data indicating more rapid drug clearance in children.
- Continued use of these pediatric weight- or surface area-based doses as a child grows during adolescence can result in medication doses that are higher than the usual adult doses.
Reference
- ↑ Van Dyke RB, Patel K, Siberry GK, Burchett SK, Spector SA, Chernoff MC, Read JS, Mofenson LM, Seage GR (2011). "Antiretroviral treatment of US children with perinatally acquired HIV infection: temporal changes in therapy between 1991 and 2009 and predictors of immunologic and virologic outcomes". Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). 57 (2): 165–73. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e318215c7b1. PMID 21407086. Retrieved 2012-06-04. Unknown parameter
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