Osteoporosis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S.[3]
Overview
Risk factors for Osteoporosis include both non-modifiable (e.g age, female sex etc.,) and (potentially) modifiable (smoking, alcohol etc.,).
Common risk factors
- Age - common after 50 years age
- Menopause - estrogen deficiency
- family history of fracture or osteoporosis
- History of fractures at least twice [1]
- Alcohol
- Smoking - inhibits the activity of osteoblasts[2]
- Insufficient physical activity - lack of bone remodelling
Less common risk factors
References
- ↑ Ojo F, Al Snih S, Ray LA, Raji MA, Markides KS (2007). "History of fractures as predictor of subsequent hip and nonhip fractures among older Mexican Americans". Journal of the National Medical Association. 99 (4): 412–8. PMID 17444431.
- ↑ Wong PK, Christie JJ, Wark JD (2007). "The effects of smoking on bone health". Clin. Sci. 113 (5): 233–41. doi:10.1042/CS20060173. PMID 17663660.