AKT3

V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (protein kinase B, gamma)
Identifiers
Symbols	AKT3 ; DKFZP434N0250; PKBG; PRKBG; RAC-PK-gamma; RAC-gamma; STK-2
External IDs	Template:MGI HomoloGene: 55904
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (protein kinase B, gamma), also known as AKT3, is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the AKT, also called PKB, serine/threonine protein kinase family. AKT kinases are known to be regulators of cell signaling in response to insulin and growth factors. They are involved in a wide variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, as well as glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake. This kinase has been shown to be stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Alternatively splice transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. Mice lacking Akt3 have a normal glucose metabolism (no diabetes), have approximately normal body weight, but have a 25% reduction in brain mass. Incidentally, Akt3 is highly expressed in the brain.

Further reading

• Li W, Zhang J, Bottaro DP, Pierce JH (1997). "Identification of serine 643 of protein kinase C-delta as an important autophosphorylation site for its enzymatic activity". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (39): 24550–5. PMID 9305920.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Borgatti P, Zauli G, Colamussi ML; et al. (1998). "Extracellular HIV-1 Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3- and Akt/PKB kinases in CD4+ T lymphoblastoid Jurkat cells". Eur. J. Immunol. 27 (11): 2805–11. PMID 9394803.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Walker KS, Deak M, Paterson A; et al. (1998). "Activation of protein kinase B beta and gamma isoforms by insulin in vivo and by 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 in vitro: comparison with protein kinase B alpha". Biochem. J. 331 ( Pt 1): 299–308. PMID 9512493.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Brodbeck D, Cron P, Hemmings BA (1999). "A human protein kinase Bgamma with regulatory phosphorylation sites in the activation loop and in the C-terminal hydrophobic domain". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (14): 9133–6. PMID 10092583.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nakatani K, Sakaue H, Thompson DA; et al. (1999). "Identification of a human Akt3 (protein kinase B gamma) which contains the regulatory serine phosphorylation site". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 257 (3): 906–10. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0559. PMID 10208883.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nakatani K, Thompson DA, Barthel A; et al. (1999). "Up-regulation of Akt3 in estrogen receptor-deficient breast cancers and androgen-independent prostate cancer lines". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (31): 21528–32. PMID 10419456.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Masure S, Haefner B, Wesselink JJ; et al. (1999). "Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of the human serine/threonine kinase Akt-3". Eur. J. Biochem. 265 (1): 353–60. PMID 10491192.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Murthy SS, Tosolini A, Taguchi T, Testa JR (2000). "Mapping of AKT3, encoding a member of the Akt/protein kinase B family, to human and rodent chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 88 (1–2): 38–40. PMID 10773662.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Meucci O, Fatatis A, Simen AA, Miller RJ (2000). "Expression of CX3CR1 chemokine receptors on neurons and their role in neuronal survival". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (14): 8075–80. doi:10.1073/pnas.090017497. PMID 10869418.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (2001). "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination". Genome Res. 10 (11): 1788–95. PMID 11076863.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Zauli G, Milani D, Mirandola P; et al. (2001). "HIV-1 Tat protein down-regulates CREB transcription factor expression in PC12 neuronal cells through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/cyclic nucleoside phosphodiesterase pathway". FASEB J. 15 (2): 483–91. doi:10.1096/fj.00-0354com. PMID 11156964.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kapasi AA, Fan S, Singhal PC (2001). "Role of 14-3-3epsilon, c-Myc/Max, and Akt phosphorylation in HIV-1 gp 120-induced mesangial cell proliferation". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 280 (2): F333–42. PMID 11208609.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R; et al. (2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.154701. PMID 11230166.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Sandirasegarane L, Kester M (2001). "Enhanced stimulation of Akt-3/protein kinase B-gamma in human aortic smooth muscle cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 283 (1): 158–63. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4739. PMID 11322783.
• Brodbeck D, Hill MM, Hemmings BA (2001). "Two splice variants of protein kinase B gamma have different regulatory capacity depending on the presence or absence of the regulatory phosphorylation site serine 472 in the carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic domain". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29550–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104633200. PMID 11387345.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Mende I, Malstrom S, Tsichlis PN; et al. (2001). "Oncogenic transformation induced by membrane-targeted Akt2 and Akt3". Oncogene. 20 (32): 4419–23. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204486. PMID 11466625.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Zinda MJ, Johnson MA, Paul JD; et al. (2001). "AKT-1, -2, and -3 are expressed in both normal and tumor tissues of the lung, breast, prostate, and colon". Clin. Cancer Res. 7 (8): 2475–9. PMID 11489829.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Laine J, Künstle G, Obata T, Noguchi M (2002). "Differential regulation of Akt kinase isoforms by the members of the TCL1 oncogene family". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (5): 3743–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107069200. PMID 11707444.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Deregibus MC, Cantaluppi V, Doublier S; et al. (2002). "HIV-1-Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ AKT-dependent survival pathways in Kaposi's sarcoma cells". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (28): 25195–202. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200921200. PMID 11994280.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hodgkinson CP, Sale EM, Sale GJ (2002). "Characterization of PDK2 activity against protein kinase B gamma". Biochemistry. 41 (32): 10351–9. PMID 12162751.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)