Long QT Syndrome pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]

Pathophysiology

Genetics

The two most common types of LQTS are genetic and drug-induced. Genetic LQTS can arise from mutation to one of several genes. These mutations tend to prolong the duration of the ventricular action potential (APD), thus lengthening the QT interval. LQTS can be inherited in an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive fashion. The autosomal recessive forms of LQTS tend to have a more severephenotype, with some variants having associated syndactyly (LQT8) or congenital neural deafness (LQT1). A number of specific genes loci have been identified that are associated with LQTS.