Cough
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| Cough | |
| ICD-10 | R05 |
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| ICD-9 | 786.2 |
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Cough Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Cough On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cough |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] M.Umer Tariq [3]
Synonyms and keywords: Tussis
Cause
Complete List of Differential Diagnoses Sorted by Nonproductive vs Productive Nature of Cough
Complete Differential Diagnosis of Cough Sorted by Frequency of Causes
In alphabetical order. [1] [2]
Most Common Causes
Other Causes
Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Cough
(By organ system)
Complications
The complications of coughing can be classified as either acute or chronic. Acute complications include cough syncope (fainting spells due to decreased blood flow to the brain when coughs are prolonged and forceful), insomnia, cough-induced vomiting, rupture of blebs causing spontaneous pneumothorax, subconjunctival hemorrhage or "red eye", coughing defecation and in women with a prolapsed uterus, cough urination. Chronic complications are common and include abdominal or pelvic hernias, fatigue fractures of lower ribs and costochondritis.
Treatment
Coughs can be treated with cough medicines. Dry coughs are treated with cough suppressants (antitussives) that suppress the body's urge to cough, while productive coughs (coughs that produce phlegm) are treated with expectorants that loosen mucus from the respiratory tract. Centrally acting cough suppressants, such as codeine and dextromethorphan reduce the urge to cough by inhibiting the response of the sensory endings by depolarization of the vagus nerve. A recent study indicates that, because of the presence of theobromine in chocolate, 50 grams of dark chocolate may be an effective treatment for a persistent cough. Gargling with salt and warm water can also be helpful by reducing phlegm.
During injections
Coughing during an injection can lessen the pain of the needle stick caused by a sudden, temporary rise in pressure in the chest and spinal canal, inhibiting the pain-conducting structures of the spinal cord.[3]
See also
References
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
- ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X
- ↑ Usichenko, TI (2004). "Reducing venipuncture pain by a cough trick: a randomized crossover volunteer study". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 99 (3): 952–3. PMID 14742367. Unknown parameter
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Additional Resource
- McCool F (2006). "Global physiology and pathophysiology of cough: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines". Chest. 129 (1 Suppl): 48S–53S. PMID 16428691.Full text
External links
- FamilyDoctor.org – Chronic cough: causes and cures
- Coughing:Quick tips to help stop a coughing fit.
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