Basal cell carcinoma classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
Classification
| Clinical Variants | Description |
| Nodular BCC | Comprises about 60-80% of cases; most commonly found on the skin of the head; clinically: elevated, exophytic pearl-shaped nodules with telangiectasie on the surface and periphery; histologically: nest-like infiltration from basaloid cells |
| Cystic BCC | blank 1 cystic nodes with different sizes located peripherally to the centrally placed tumor nests |
| Sclerodermiform (morpheiform) BCC | The tumor cells are surrounded by fibrotic stroma; clinically: infiltrated plaque with a slightly shining surface and not well-defined borders; immunochemistry: expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin |
| Infiltrated BCC | Most common found on the upper part of the trunk or face; clinically: whitish, compact, not well-defined plaque; histologically: thin, nest-like bundles of basaloid cells infiltrating in the dermal collagenous fibers |
| Micronodular BCC | Most commonly found on the skin of the back; clinically: may be flat or elevated; yellow-whitish color when flat, clear outlines and thick at palpation; histologically: small rounded nodules of basaloid cells and minimal palisading |
| Superficial BCC | Comprises about 10-30% of cases; clinically: erythematous squamous plaque with clear borders, pearl-shape edge, superficial erosion, without tendencies for invasive growth; histologically: nests of basaloid cells located subepidermally, connection with the basal layer of the epidermis and no infiltration of tumor cells in the reticular dermis |
| Pigment BCC | The color varies from dark brown to black; clinically: nodular, micronodular, multifocal, supercial; histologically: nests of basaloid cells, melanocytes and melanophages, moderate inflammatory infiltrate |
| Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus | Most commonly on the skin of the back; affects women especially; clinically: elevated pink or erythematous nodules; histologically: trabecular, elongated, and branched thin strands of basaloid cells |