Myelofibrosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

• Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside bones, responsible for hematopoiesis. Stem cells are immature cells in the bone marrow that give rise to all of your blood cells. Blood is made of:

• Red blood cells (which carry oxygen to tissues)
• White blood cells (which fight infections)
• Platelets (which help blood clot)

• Scarring of the bone marrow means the marrow is not able to make enough blood cells. Anemia, bleeding tendency, and a higher risk of infections may occur.

• As a result, the liver and spleen make some of these blood cells. This causes these organs to swell, which is called extramedullary hematopoiesis.

• The cause of myelofibrosis is unknown. There are no known risk factors. The disorder usually develops slowly in people over age 50.

• Diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma may also cause bone marrow scarring. This is called secondary myelofibrosis.

References

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