ST elevation

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

ST elevations refers to a finding on an electrocardiogram that often reflects injury to the heart muscle or myocardium.

Pathophysiology

ST segment corresponds to a period of ventrical systolic depolarization, when the cardiac muscle is contracted. Subsequent relaxation occurs during the diastolic repolarization phase. The normal course of ST segment reflects a certain sequence of muscular layers undergoing repolarization and certain timing of this activity. When the cardiac muscle is damaged or undergoes a pathological process (e.g. inflammation), its contractile and electrical properties change. Usually, this leads to early repolarization, or premature ending of the systole.

The exact topology and distribution of the affected areas depend on the underlying condition. Thus, ST elevation may be present on all or some leads of ECG.

Causes

Common Cuases

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Differentiating the Underlying Causes of ST Elevation

ST elevation in select leads is more common with acute MI, and ST elevation in all leads is more common with acute pericarditis.

References

↑ Tingle LE, Molina D, Calvert CW (2007). "Acute pericarditis". Am Fam Physician. 76 (10): 1509–14. PMID 18052017. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Chew HC, Lim SH (2005). "Electrocardiographical case. ST elevation: is this an infarct? Pericarditis" (PDF). Singapore Med J. 46 (11): 656–60. PMID 16228101. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid18052017-1] Tingle LE, Molina D, Calvert CW (2007). "Acute pericarditis". Am Fam Physician. 76 (10): 1509–14. PMID 18052017. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid16228101-2] Chew HC, Lim SH (2005). "Electrocardiographical case. ST elevation: is this an infarct? Pericarditis" (PDF). Singapore Med J. 46 (11): 656–60. PMID 16228101. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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