Renovascular disease natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Natural History
Complications
- Renovascular hypertension
- Ischemic Nephropathy
- Accelerated CV Disease
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Stroke
- Secondary Aldosteronism
Prognosis
Favorable Predictors
Successful Outcome For Control Of Hypertension
- Rapid acceleration of hypertension over the prior weeks or months
- Presence of “malignant” hypertension
- Hypertension in association with flash pulmonary edema
- Contemporaneous rise in serum creatinine
- Development of azotemia in response to ACE inhibitors administered for control of hypertension.
Successful Salvage Or Preservation Of Renal Function
- Recent rapid rise in creatinine, unexplained by other factors
- Azotemia resulting from ACE inhibitors
- Absence of diabetes or other cause of intrinsic kidney disease
- Presence of global renal ischemia, wherein the entire functioning renal mass is subtended by bilateral critically narrowed renal arteries or a vessel supplying a solitary kidney.
Unfavorable Predictors
- Renal atrophy demonstrated by kidney length <7.5 cm on ultrasound
- High renal resistance index detected by duplex ultrasound
- Proteinuria > 1gm/day
- Hyperuricemia
- Creatinine clearance <40 mL/minute