Naegleria infection

Histopathology of amoebic meningoencephalitis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Treatment

Pharmacotherapy

Acute Pharmacotherapies

Eye and skin infections caused by Acanthamoeba spp. are generally treatable. The treatment of choice is topical use of polyhexamthylene biguanide (PHMB) or chlorhexidene gluconate with or without Brolene. Although most cases of brain (CNS) infection with Acanthamoeba have resulted in death, patients have recovered from the infection with proper treatment. Amphotericin B has been successfully used in some cases to treat PAM caused by Naegleria fowleri.

Surgery and Device Based Therapy

Keratoplasty is often necessary in severe infections.

Indications for Surgery

Severe infections

Primary Prevention

• Avoid swimming or jumping into bodies of warm fresh water, hot springs, and thermally-polluted water such a water around power plants.
• Avoid swimming or jumping into fresh water during periods of high temperature and low water volume.
• Hold the nose shut or use nose clips when jumping or diving into bodies of warm fresh water such as lakes, rivers, or hot springs.
• Avoid digging in or stirring up the sediment while swimming in shallow water areas.
• Do not swim in areas posted as "no swimming" or in areas warning about an increased risk of Naegleria infection.

References

1. http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/FreeLivingAmebic.htm
2. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/naegleria/factsht_naegleria.htm
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naegleria_fowleri

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.

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