Hemoptysis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Common Causes

• Bronchitis
• Pneumonia
• Lung neoplasm (in smokers, when hemoptysis is persistent)
• Aspergilloma
• Tuberculosis
• Bronchiectasis
• Coccidioidomycosis
• Pulmonary embolism
• Pneumonic plague
• Idiopathic - in 20% cases

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Absence of pulmonary artery, Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Aortic Aneurysm, Arteriovenous malformation (AVM), Congestive heart failure, Eisenmenger Syndrome, Heart failure, Leukocytoclastic angiitis, Microscopic polyangiitis, Mitral Stenosis, Polyarteritis nodosa, Pulmonary artery stenosis, Pulmonary hypertension, Pulmonary veins stenosis, Ruptured aortic aneurysm, Ruptured arteriovenous fistula, Septic pulmonary emboli, Wegener granulomatosis, Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome, Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary infarction
Chemical / poisoning	Nitrogen dioxide
Dermatologic	Follicular hamartoma-alopecia-cystic fibrosis, Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Drug Side Effect	Anticoagulants, Bevacizumab, Cytotoxic drug use, Dicoumarol, Warfarin, Cocaine
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Dieulafoy's disease, Esophageal carcinoma, Severe vomiting, Tracheo-esophageal fistula and esophageal varices, Esophageal tumors, Oropharyngeal cancer
Genetic	Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency, Cystic Fibrosis, Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type), Follicular hamartoma-alopecia-cystic fibrosis, Hemophilia, Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome, Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
Hematologic	Blood dyscrasias, Coagulopathy, Essential thrombocytosis, Hemorrhagic diathesis, Leukemia, Hemophilia, Malignant lymphoma
Iatrogenic	Bronchoscopy, Laryngoscopy, Lung biopsy, Mediastinoscopy, Spirometry, Tonsillectomy
Infectious Disease	Actinomycosis, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Alveolar hydatid disease, Aspergilloma, Coccidioidomycosis, Dengue, Dirofilaria immitis , Echinococcal cyst, Echinococcus granulosus, Francisella tularensis, Histoplasmosis, Klebsiella , Lemierre's syndrome, Linguatula serrata, Lung abscess, Mucormycosis, Nocardiosis, Paracoccidioidomycosis, Paragonimiasis, Pneumonia, Pneumonic plague, Rhodococcus equi, Tuberculosis, Yersinia pestis, Zygomycosis, Bronchiectasis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type)
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Endometriosis, Intrathoracic endometriosis
Oncologic	Bronchial adenoma, Bronchogenic carcinoma, Esophageal tumors, Laryngeal carcinoma, Lung metastases, Lung neoplasm, Malignant lymphoma, Mediastinal tumors, Oropharyngeal cancer, Tracheal cancer, Esophageal carcinoma, Leukemia, Carcinoma of the vocal tract, Mesothelioma, Pleuropulmonary blastoma
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Asbestosis, Aspiration (foreign body), Bronchial adenomata syndrome, Bronchial varices, Bronchiectasis, Bronchitis, Bronchogenic cyst, Broncholithiasis, Bronchovascular fistula, Carcinoma of the vocal tract, Catamenial hemoptysis, Chronic bronchitis, Congenital bronchogenic cyst, Extrinsic allergic alveolitis, Fistula , Foreign body in respiratory tract, Goodpasture syndrome, Histiocytosis X, Hughes-Stovin syndrome, Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, Laryngitis, Lung contusion, Lymphangiomyomatosis, Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, Lymphomatoid granulomatosis, Mesothelioma, Pleuropulmonary blastoma, Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, Pulmonary congestion, Pulmonary edema, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary fibrosis, Pulmonary hemangioma, Pulmonary infarction, Ruptured bronchi, Severe nosebleed, , Tonsillitis, Tracheitis, Tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica , Follicular hamartoma-alopecia-cystic fibrosis, Pulmonary hypertension, Septic pulmonary emboli, Tracheo-esophageal fistula and esophageal varices, Cystic Fibrosis, Lung abscess, Bronchial adenoma, Bronchogenic carcinoma, Laryngeal carcinoma, Lung neoplasm, Tracheal cancer, Uremic lung, Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia
Renal / Electrolyte	Uremic lung, Goodpasture syndrome
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Amyloidosis, Behcet's Syndrome, Henoch-Schonlein Purpura, Lupus pneumonitis, Sarcoidosis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia,Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Penetrating chest wound, Tracheal trauma, Lung contusion
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Clove cigarettes, Cocaine , Idiopathic , Shrapnel, Violent coughing

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Absence of pulmonary artery Actinomycosis Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Alveolar hydatid disease Amyloidosis Anticoagulants Aortic Aneurysm Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) Asbestosis Aspergilloma Aspiration (foreign body) Behcet's Syndrome Bevacizumab Blood dyscrasias Bronchial adenoma Bronchial adenomata syndrome Bronchial varices Bronchiectasis Bronchitis Bronchogenic carcinoma Bronchogenic cyst Broncholithiasis Bronchoscopy Bronchovascular fistula Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency Carcinoma of the vocal tract Catamenial hemoptysis Chronic bronchitis Clove cigarettes Coagulopathy Cocaine Coccidioidomycosis Congenital bronchogenic cyst Congestive heart failure Cystic Fibrosis Cytotoxic drug use Dengue Dicoumarol Dieulafoy's disease Dirofilaria immitis Echinococcal cyst Echinococcus granulosus Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type) Eisenmenger Syndrome Endometriosis Esophageal carcinoma Esophageal tumors Essential thrombocytosis Extrinsic allergic alveolitis Fistula Follicular hamartoma-alopecia-cystic fibrosis Foreign body in respiratory tract Francisella tularensis Goodpasture syndrome Heart failure Hemophilia Hemorrhagic diathesis Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia Histiocytosis X Histoplasmosis Hughes-Stovin syndrome Idiopathic Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis Intrathoracic endometriosis Klebsiella Laryngeal carcinoma Laryngitis

Laryngoscopy Lemierre's syndrome Leukemia Leukocytoclastic angiitis Linguatula serrata Lung abscess Lung biopsy Lung contusion Lung metastases Lung neoplasm Lupus pneumonitis Lymphangiomyomatosis Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia Lymphomatoid granulomatosis Malignant lymphoma Mediastinal tumors Mediastinoscopy Mesothelioma Microscopic polyangiitis Mitral Stenosis Mucormycosis Nitrogen dioxide Nocardiosis Oropharyngeal cancer Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome Paracoccidioidomycosis Paragonimiasis Penetrating chest wound Pleuropulmonary blastoma Pneumonia Pneumonic plague Polyarteritis nodosa Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation Pulmonary artery stenosis Pulmonary congestion Pulmonary edema Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary fibrosis Pulmonary hemangioma Pulmonary hypertension Pulmonary infarction Pulmonary veins stenosis Rhodococcus equi Ruptured aortic aneurysm Ruptured arteriovenous fistula Ruptured bronchi Sarcoidosis Septic pulmonary emboli Severe nosebleed Severe vomiting Shrapnel Spirometry Systemic lupus erythematosus Tonsillectomy Tonsillitis Tracheal cancer Tracheal trauma Tracheitis Tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica Tracheo-esophageal fistula and esophageal varices Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia Tuberculosis Uremic lung Violent coughing Warfarin Wegener granulomatosis Yersinia pestis Zygomycosis