Echinococcosis risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[3]

Risk Factors

People who accidentally swallow the eggs of the Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm are at risk for infection. Humans can be exposed to these eggs in two main ways that involve "hand-to-mouth" transfer or contamination. Risk factors include being exposed to:

• Cattle
• Deer
• Feces of dogs, wolves, or coyotes
• Pigs
• Sheep