Tetralogy of fallot overview
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2], Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]
Overview
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect which classically has four anatomical components: obstruction to right ventricular outflow, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, and overriding of aorta. It accounts for approximately 10% of all forms of congenital heart disease. It is the most common cause of cyanosis in children over one year of age (blue baby syndrome).
Historical Perspective
The condition was described in 1672 by Niels Stensen and in 1888 by the French physician Etienne Fallot, for whom it was named.
Anatomy
Tetralogy of Fallot has four characteristic components i.e. pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect and over-riding of the aorta