Croup epidemiology and demographics
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Croup is most often caused by parainfluenza virus, primarily types 1 and 3, but other viral and possibly bacterial infections can also cause it. It is most common in the fall and winter but can occur year-round, with a slight predilection for males.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of croup is approximately 532/100,000 individuals, extremely common in children under 5 years old.[1][2]
- Cases of croup usually peak in the fall on an annual basis from human parainfluenza virus serotype 2 and biannually from human parainfluenza virus serotype 1.
Age
- Croup is primarily found in children between the ages of 6 months and 6 years.[3]
- Croup accounts for approximately 5% of hospital admissions of children within that age range.[1]
- Rare cases may occur in children as young as 3 months and as old as 15 years.[1]
Gender
- Males are affected by croup more frequently than females, at a ratio of 1.5 to 1.[3]
Race
- There is no racial predilection to croup.
References