Rubella laboratory findings
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Overview
Laboratory Findings
Serologic Testing
- Detection of specific IgM antibodies in a serum sample collected within the first few days after rash onset can provide presumptive evidence of a current or recent rubella virus infection
- The optimum time-point for collection of serum is five days after the onset of symptoms (fever and rash) when >90% of cases will be IgM positive. Therefore, if serum collected less than five days after onset is negative, a second sample would be necessary to confirm/rule out rubella.
=IgG Avidity Testing
- The measurement of rubella IgG antibody avidity can be used to distinguish between recent infection and remote rubella infection.
- These avidity differences can be detected by using protein denaturants such as diethylamine (DEA) in the washing step of an enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) for rubella IgG.
- In acute rubella virus infections, specific, low-avidity IgG lasts for up to three months after appearance of the IgG response.
- The presence of high avidity antibodies, which develop by about three months after infection, provides evidence of remote infection