Prostate cancer epidemiology and demographics
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]
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Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of prostate cancer is _____ % in 2011.[1]
Incidence
- The delay-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer in 2011 was estimated to be _____ per 100,000 persons in the United States.[1]
- In 2011, the age-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer was _____ per 100,000 persons in the United States.[1]
Age
- Prostate cancer develops most frequently in men over fifty. This cancer can occur only in men, as the prostate is exclusively of the male reproductive tract. It is the most common type of cancer in men in the United States, where it is responsible for more male deaths than any other cancer, except lung cancer.
- While the overall age-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer in the United States between YEAR and YEAR is _____ per 100,000, the age-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer by age category is:[1]
- Under 65 years: _____ per 100,000
- 65 and over: _____ per 100,000
Gender
- In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of prostate cancer by gender in 2011 is:[1]
- In males: _____ %
- In females: _____ %
- In the United States, the delay-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer by gender in 2011 is:[1]
- In males: _____ per 100,000 persons
- In females: _____ per 100,000 persons
- In the United States, the age-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer by gender on 2011 is:[1]
- In males: _____ per 100,000 persons
- In females: _____ per 100,000 persons
Shown below is an image depicting the delay-adjusted incidence and observed incidence of prostate cancer by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011. These graphs are adapted from SEER: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.[1]
[Insert figure x.1 from the report]
Race
- According to the American Cancer Society, prostate cancer is least common among Asian men and most common among black men, with figures for white men in-between.[2][3] However, these high rates may be affected by increasing rates of detection.[4]
- Shown below is a table depicting the age-adjusted prevalence of prostate cancer by race in 2011 in the United States.[1]
| All Races | White | Black | Asian/Pacific Islander | Hispanic | |
| Age-adjusted prevalence |
- In the United States, the race that is most susceptible to developing this disease/condition, is the ____ race.[1]
Shown below is an image depicting the incidence of prostate cancer by race in the United States between YEAR and YEAR.[1]
[Insert figure x.2 from the report]
API: Asian/Pacific Islander; AI/AN: American Indian/ Alaska Native
Percent Distribution of prostate cancer by Histology
- Among patients with histologically confirmed cases of prostate cancer, the percent distribution of the types of the disease between 1975 and 2011 in the United States are:[1]
- Type X: _____ %
- Type Y: _____ %
- Type Z: _____ %
Prevalence in Developed Countries
- Rates of prostate cancer vary widely across the world. Although the rates vary widely between countries, it is least common in South and East Asia, more common in Europe, and most common in the United States.[5]
- In the United Kingdom it is also the second most common cause of cancer death after lung cancer, where around 35,000 cases are diagnosed every year and of which around 10,000 die of it. However, many men who develop prostate cancer never have symptoms, undergo no therapy, and eventually die of other causes. That is because malignant neoplasms of the prostate are, in most cases, slow-growing, and because most of those affected are over 60. Hence they often die of causes unrelated to the prostate cancer, such as heart/circulatory disease, pneumonia, other unconnected cancers or old age.
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
- ↑ Overview: Prostate Cancer—What Causes Prostate Cancer? American Cancer Society (2006-05-02). Retrieved on 2007-04-05
- ↑ Prostate Cancer FAQs. State University of New York School of Medicine Department of Urology (2006-08-31). Retrieved on 2007-04-05
- ↑ Potosky A, Miller B, Albertsen P, Kramer B (1995). "The role of increasing detection in the rising incidence of prostate cancer". JAMA. 273 (7): 548&ndash, 52. doi:10.1001/jama.273.7.548. PMID 7530782.
- ↑ "IARC Worldwide Cancer Incidence Statistics—Prostate". JNCI Cancer Spectrum. Oxford University Press. December 19, 2001. Retrieved on 2007-04-05 through the Internet Archive