Hypospadias
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Hypospadias Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Hypospadias On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypospadias |
Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Hypospadias from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination| Laboratory Findings | Abdominal X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Related Chapters
- pediatric urology
- andrology
- cryptorchidism
- bladder exstrophy, cloacal exstrophy
- perineal urethra, pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias
- ambiguous genitalia, intersex, intersex surgery
- androgen insensitivity syndrome
External Links
- International Trends in Rates of Hypospadias and Cryptorchidism
- The Hypospadias and Epispadias Association, for families affected by these congenital penile differences.
- Review of scientific papers describing the physical and psychological implications and consequences of hypospadias.