Abciximab

Template:Abciximab Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2], Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [3]

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Overview

Abciximab (previously known as c7E3 Fab), a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist manufactured by Janssen Biologics BV and distributed by Eli Lilly under the trade name ReoPro, is a platelet aggregation inhibitor mainly used during and after coronary artery procedures like angioplasty to prevent platelets from sticking together and causing thrombus formation within the coronary artery. It is a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor.

While abciximab has a short plasma half-life, due to its strong affinity for its receptor on the platelets, it may occupy some receptors for weeks. In practice, platelet aggregation gradually returns to normal about 96 to 120 hours after discontinuation of the drug. Abciximab is made from the Fab fragments of an immunoglobulin that targets the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor on the platelet membrane.

Category

Antiplatelet, Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonist

US Brand Names

ReoPro^®

FDA Package Insert

Indications and Usage | Dosage and Administration | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Overdosage | Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Clinical Studies | How Supplied/Storage and Handling | Labels and Packages

Mechanism of Action

Abciximab is a chimeric human-murine monoclonal antibody Fab fragment which inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to the integrin glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors on activated platelets. It prevents fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor from binding to the receptor in a dose-dependent manner. Abciximab also binds to Mac-1 receptor on activated monocytes and neutrophils and to the vitronectin receptor which mediates the procoagulant properties of platelets and the proliferative properties of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells.