Community-acquired pneumonia epidemiology and demographics
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Epidemiology
- 3.5 million deaths yearly have been noticed due to lower respiratory tract infection.It ois the third most cause overall and leading cause in infectious diseases.[1]
- Pneumonia is one of the leading cause of death in the world and ninth leading cause in the United States. 50,000 deaths were noticed in 2010 due to both pneumonia and influenza.
- Mortality rate is low in patients treated in the outpatient department and somewhat higher in patients admitted.
- A higher mortality rate is seen in invasive diseases, nursing home patients and severe bacteremia.
- More than 40 % mortality rate is seen in ICU admitted patients.
- An increasing rate of CAP is seen with age. 5.16 to 6.11 cases of pneumonia per 1000 persons is observed in the community for adults. A pronounced seasonal effect on the number of patients presenting to emergency department was also noted. During the winter months, there was up to a 50% increase in the number of cases compared with the summer months.[2]S.pneumonia is the leading cause of pneumonia worldwide inspite of different etiologies worldwide[3]
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- Pneumonia and influenza are the eighth and seventh cause of death in the United states and Canada respectively.[4][5]A death rate of more than 60000 persons was recorded in 2005 due to pneumonia in ages more than 15 years. A difference in mortality ratio is observed in different countries like in United States/Canada 7.3 percent, Latin America 13.3 percent, Europe 9.1 percent.[6]
References
- ↑ "WHO". Retrieved 11 February 2014. Text " The top 10 causes of death " ignored (help)
- ↑ Marrie, TJ.; Huang, JQ. (2005). "Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in Edmonton, Alberta: an emergency department-based study". Can Respir J. 12 (3): 139–42. PMID 15875065. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Miniño, AM.; Murphy, SL.; Xu, J.; Kochanek, KD. (2011). "Deaths: final data for 2008". Natl Vital Stat Rep. 59 (10): 1–126. PMID 22808755. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ File, TM.; Marrie, TJ. (2010). "Burden of community-acquired pneumonia in North American adults". Postgrad Med. 122 (2): 130–41. doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.03.2130. PMID 20203464. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Kung, HC.; Hoyert, DL.; Xu, J.; Murphy, SL. (2008). "Deaths: final data for 2005". Natl Vital Stat Rep. 56 (10): 1–120. PMID 18512336. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Arnold, FW.; Wiemken, TL.; Peyrani, P.; Ramirez, JA.; Brock, GN. (2013). "Mortality differences among hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia in three world regions: results from the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) International Cohort Study". Respir Med. 107 (7): 1101–11. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2013.04.003. PMID 23660396. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)