Subdural empyema epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Subdural empyema, also referred to as subdural abscess, pachymeningitis interna and circumscript meningitis, is a life-threatening infection.[1] It consists of a localised collection of purulent material, usually unilateral, between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater and accounts for about 15-22% of the reported focal intracranial infections The empyema may develop intracranially (about 95%) or in the spinal canal (about 5%), and in both cases, it constitutes a medical and neurosurgical emergency.[2] Bacterial or occasionally fungal infection of the skull bones or air sinuses can spread to the subdural space producing a subdural empyema.
Epidemiology
Rare disorder accounting for 15-25% of focal CNS infections. It usually occurs in infancy and young adults (70% cases occurring in the second and third decades of life), being more frequent in men than women, possibly due to sex-related differences in sinus anatomy, occurring in 70% of the cases in the 2nd and 3rd decades of life. It develops in 39-60% of the cases of pyogenic meningitis, but only in 1-2% of the cases of bacterial meningitis. [3][2] However sinusitis is the most common predisposing condition, typically involving the frontal air sinus alone or concomitantly with ethmoid and maxillary sinuses. Less frequent cases develop as a complication of head trauma or neurosurgical procedures.[4]
Demographics
References
- ↑ Agrawal, Amit; Timothy, Jake; Pandit, Lekha; Shetty, Lathika; Shetty, J.P. (2007). "A Review of Subdural Empyema and Its Management". Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice. 15 (3): 149–153. doi:10.1097/01.idc.0000269905.67284.c7. ISSN 1056-9103.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Greenlee JE (2003). "Subdural Empyema". Curr Treat Options Neurol. 5 (1): 13–22. PMID 12521560.
- ↑ Wu TJ, Chiu NC, Huang FY (2008). "Subdural empyema in center". J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 41 (1): 62–7. PMID 18327428. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Longo, Dan L. (Dan Louis) (2012). Harrison's principles of internal medici. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-174889-6.