Sandbox Ochuko
Causes of hepatomegaly
Inflammatory Liver Disease
- Hepatitis:Infectious
- Bacterial
- Glandular fever (Infectious mononucleosis). This is caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV).
- Malaria
- Hydatid cyst
- Leptospirosis
- Actinomycosis
- Viral
- Schistosomiasis
- Bacterial
- Others
- Alcoholic hepatitis
- Other toxins induced hepatitis
- Drug-induced hepatitis
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Steatohepatitis
- Steatosis
- Abscess
- Pyogenic
- Amebic
- Suppurative
- Sclerosing
- Pericholangitis (especially related to ulcerative colitis)
Chronic Liver Disease
- Alcoholic
- Posthepatitic
- Postnecrotic
- Cholestatic
Cirrhotic
- Portal
- Biliary
- Cardiac
Metabolic Disorders
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Other Causes
- Extrahepatic biliary obstruction
- Choledocholithiasis
- Biliary stricture
- Pancreatitis
- Carcinoma
- Bile ducts (cholangiocarcinoma)
- Head of pancreas
- Ampulla of Vater
- External compression
- Hepatic congestion
- Congestive heart failure
- Constrictive pericarditis
- Budd-Chiari syndrome (hepatic outflow obstruction, hepatic vein obstruction)
- Thrombosis
- Tumor
- Web (inferior vena cava)
- Veno-occlusive disease
- Jamaican herbal tea
- After bone-marrow transplantation
- Infiltrative disorders, storage diseases
- Lipid accumulation
- Fatty liver
- Alcohol
- Diabetes mellitus
- Obesity
- Severe protein malnutrition (Kwashiorkor: dietary protein deficiency)
- Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- Jejunoileal bypass
- Parenteral hyperalimentation
- Corticosteroids, Cushing's syndrome
- Fatty liver of pregnancy
- Massive tetracycline therapy
- Toxins (e.g., carbon tetrachloride, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane)
- Reye's syndrome
- Lipid storage disease (especially Gaucher's disease, Niemann-Pick disease)
- Fatty liver
- Glycogen accumulation
- Glycogen storage disease
- Diabetic glycogenosis
- Granulomatous infiltration (especially sarcoidosis, miliary tuberculosis, disseminated fungal diseases, some drug reactions)
- Myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders
- Amyloidosis
- Congenital hepatic fibrosis
- Hemochromatosis
- Wilson's disease
- Lipid accumulation
- Neoplasms
- Primary
- Metastatic
- Cysts
- Congenital
- Solitary
- Polycystic
- Acquired (especially echinococcal)
- Congenital
- Hunter syndrome
- Zellweger's syndrome
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency
- Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency
| Primary treatment option Atropine
❑ Administer a first dose 0.5 mg IV bolus ❑ Repeat every 3-5 minutes ❑ Administer a maximum dose of 3 mg | |||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary treatment options If atropine ineffective: ❑ Administer dopamine infusion (2-10 mcg/kg/min) OR ❑ Administer epinephrine infusion (2-10 mcg/min) OR ❑ Proceed with transcutaneous pacing | |||||||||||||||||||
❑ Consult a cardiologist ❑ Consider transvenous pacing | |||||||||||||||||||
- Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency
- Allopurinol
- Aniline
- Behcet's disease
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Benzidine
- Bladder incontinence
- Bladder stones
- Bleomycin
- Candida
- Carbenicillin
- Cetirizine
- Chemical cystitis
- Chlamydia
- Chlordimeform
- Congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract
- Crohn's disease
- Cyclophosphamide
- Cystoscopy
- Danazol
- Dehydration
- Diabetes
- Diabetic neuropathy
- Diaphragm
- Diarrhea
- Diverticulitis
- Doxorubicin
- Drug induced cystitis
- Endometriosis
- Enterobacter
- Episiotomy scar infection
- Escherichia coli
- Ether
- Foreign body cystitis
- Gonorrhea
- Gynecological cancers
- Hemorrhagic cystitis
- Honeymoon cystitis
- Hunner's ulcer
- Ifosfamide
- Immobility
- Interstitial cystitis
- Intravesical acetic acid
- Kidney stones
- Klebsiella
- Lupus
- Methaqualone
- Methenamine mandelate
- Methicillin
- Methotrexate
- Mucoepithelial dysplasia, Witkop type
- Nonoxynol-9 suppositories
- NSAIDS
- Penicillin VK
- Penicillins
- PID
- Piperacillin
- Posterior urethral valves
- Prostatitis
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Radiotherapy
- Schistosomiasis
- Serratia
- Sexually transmitted diseases
- Spermicidal jellies
- Spinal cord injury
- Staphylococcus saprophyticus
- Tampon
- Temozolomide
- Tiaprofenic acid
- Ticarcillin
- Toluidine
- Trichomoniasis
- Tuberculosis
- Urachal cancer
- Urachal cyst
- Urethral syndrome
- Urethritis
- Urinary catheter
- Urinary obstruction
- Urinary stones
- Urofacial syndrome
- Vesicoenteric fistula
- Xanthinuria
Overview
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
Diagnosis
Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation
Complete Evaluation
| A01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| D01 | D02 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| E01 | E02 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| F01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||