IMPROVE bleeding risk score

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]

Overview

The IMPROVE bleeding risk score estimates the risk of bleeding among acutely ill hospitalized patients.

IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score

Calculation of the IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score

Variable	Score
Active gastric or duodenal ulcer	4.5
Prior bleeding within the last 3 months	4
Thrombocytopenia (<50x109/L)	4
Age ≥ 85 years	3.5
Liver failure (INR>1.5)	2.5
Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m2)	2.5
Admission to ICU or CCU	2.5
Central venous catheter	2
Rheumatic disease	2
Active malignancy	2
Age: 40-84 years	1.5
Male	1
Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m2)	1

Interpretation of the IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score

The IMPROVE risk score for bleeding can be interpreted as such:

• Score ≥7: Elevated risk of bleeding
• Score <7: Not elevated risk of bleeding