Sandbox/table
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The following table contains the main risk factors for CDI:[1][2][3][2][2]
Alterations in the coagulation system |
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Consumption of clotting factors |
Increased concentrations of fibrin degradation products |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation |
table
Disease | Agent | Typical Season | Typical Age | Prodrome | Fever | Duration of the rash (days) | Rash | Other Signs & Symptoms |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Measles | Paramyxovirus Measles virus |
Winter - Spring | 1 to 20 years | 2-4 days of cough, conjuctivitis, and coryza | High | 5 - 6 | Erythematous, irregular size, maculopapular; starts on temples & behind ears; progresses down from face; fades to brownish | Koplik’s spots: C blue-white papules (salt grains) on bright red mucosa opposite premolar teeth |
Kawasaki disease | Unknown | Winter - Spring | < 5 years | 3 days of abrupt fever | High; fever of 5 days is a diagnostic criteria | 5 - 7 | Erythematous, morbilliform, maculopapular or scarlatiniform, central distribution; erythematous, indurated palms and soles | Acute: dry, fissured and injected lips, strawberry tongue; irritability; cervical lymphadenopathy; conjunctival injection; peripheral edema Subacute: finger-tip desquamation; Complications: arthritis, carditis |
Roseola Infantum (exanthem subitum) | Human herpes virus type 6 | Any season | 6 months to 2 years | None | High | 1-2; it follows defervescence | Discrete erythematous macules, rarely involves face, begins as fever ends | Lymphadenopathy, irritability |
Ivory Coast ebolavirus | ||||||||
Bundibugyo ebolavirus |
table
Diagnostic test | North America | South America | Middle East | Far East |
---|---|---|---|---|
ELISA (serology) detects:
|
† There is a reported prevalence of 15% in the Northeast of the US.
- ↑ Hensgens MP, Goorhuis A, Dekkers OM, Kuijper EJ (2012). "Time interval of increased risk for Clostridium difficile infection after exposure to antibiotics". J Antimicrob Chemother. 67 (3): 742–8. doi:10.1093/jac/dkr508. PMID 22146873.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Knight, Christopher L.; Surawicz, Christina M. (2013). "Clostridium difficile Infection". Medical Clinics of North America. 97 (4): 523–536. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2013.02.003. ISSN 0025-7125.
- ↑ Planche, Tim (2013). "Clostridium difficile". Medicine. 41 (11): 654–657. doi:10.1016/j.mpmed.2013.08.003. ISSN 1357-3039.