Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1B
Systemic sclerosis
Autonomic neuropathy
Esophageal achalasia
Hiatus hernia
Pharyngeal pouch
Another paradoxical cause of GERD-like symptoms is not enough stomach acid (hypochlorhydria). The valve that empties the stomach into the intestines is triggered by acidity. If there is not enough acid, this valve does not open and the stomach contents are churned up into the esophagus. However, there is still enough acidity to irritate the esophagus.
Hiatus hernia, which increases the likelihood of GERD due to mechanical and motility factors^[1]
Obesity: increasing body mass index is associated with more severe GERD^[2]
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which can be present with increased gastric acidity due to gastrin production
Hypercalcemia, which can increase gastrin production, leading to increased acidity
Scleroderma and systemic sclerosis, which can feature esophageal dysmotility

↑ Piesman M, Hwang I, Maydonovitch C, Wong RK (2007). "Nocturnal reflux episodes following the administration of a standardized meal. Does timing matter?". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 102 (10): 2128–2134. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01348.x. PMID 17573791.
↑ Ayazi S, Crookes P, Peyre C, (2007). "Objective documentation of the link between gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 102 (S): 138–139.