Chemotherapy regimen

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List of terms related to Chemotherapy regimen

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments and other considerations. In modern oncology almost all regimens in use combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy. The majority of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are cytostatic.

A fundamental philosophy of medical oncology, including combination chemotherapy, is that different drugs work through different mechanisms, and that the results of using multiple drugs will be synergistic to some extent. Because they have different dose-limiting adverse effects, they can be given together at full doses in chemotherapy regimens.

The first successful combination chemotherapy was MOPP introduced in 1963 for lymphomas.

The term "induction regimen" refers to a chemotherapy regimen used for the initial treatment of a disease. A "maintenance regimen" refers to the ongoing use of chemotherapy to reduce the chances of a cancer recurring or to prevent an existing cancer from continuing to grow.

Chemotherapy regimens are often identified by acronyms, identifying the agents used in the drug combination. However, the letters used are not consistent across regimens, and in some cases - for example, "BEACOPP" - the same letter combination is used to represent two different treatments.

There is no widely accepted naming convention or standard for the nomenclature of chemotherapy regimens. For example, either generic or brand names may be used for acronyms. This page merely lists commonly used conventions.

List of Chemotherapy Regimens

Name	Components	Example of uses, and other notes
7+3, also known as DA or DAC in case of daunorubicin, or IA or IAC in case of idarubicin use	7 days of Ara-C (cytarabine) plus 3 days of an anthracycline antibiotic, either daunorubicin (DA or DAC variant) or idarubicin (IA or IAC variant)	Acute myelogenous leukemia, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia
ABVD	doxorubicin (Adriamycin), bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine	Hodgkin's lymphoma
AC	doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide	breast cancer
BACOD	bleomycin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), dexamethasone
BEACOPP	bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, prednisone	Hodgkin's lymphoma
BEP	bleomycin, etoposide, platinum agent	testicular cancer, germ cell tumors
CA	cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) (same as AC)	breast cancer
CAF	cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), fluorouracil (5-FU)	breast cancer
CAPOX or XELOX	capecitabine and oxaliplatin	colorectal cancer
CAV	cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), vincristine	lung cancer
CBV	cyclophosphamide, BCNU (carmustine), VP-16 (etoposide)	lymphoma
CHOEP	cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin (doxorubicin), etoposide, vincristine (Oncovin), prednisone	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
CEPP	cyclophosphamide, etoposide, procarbazine, prednisone	Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
ChlVPP/EVA	chlorambucil, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, prednisone, etoposide, vinblastine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin)	Hodgkin's lymphoma
CHOP	cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin (doxorubicin), vincristine (Oncovin), prednisone	non-Hodgkin lymphoma
CHOP-R or R-CHOP	CHOP + rituximab	B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
ClaPD	clarithromycin, pomalidomide, dexamethasone
CMF	cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil (5-FU)	breast cancer
CMV	cisplatin, methotrexate, vinblastine
COP or CVP	cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), prednisone	non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with history of cardiovascular disease
COPP	cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), procarbazine, prednisone	Hodgkin's lymphoma
CT or TC	docetaxel (Taxotere), cyclophosphamide	breast cancer
CTD	cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, dexamethasone	AL amyloidosis
CVAD and Hyper-CVAD	cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), dexamethasone	aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, some forms of leukemia
CYBORD	cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, dexamethasone
DA or DAC	daunorubicin x 3 days plus Ara-C (cytarabine) x 7 days, a variant of 7+3 regimen	Acute myelogenous leukemia, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia
DCEP	dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, platinum agent
DHAP	dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
DHAP-R or R-DHAP	dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent plus rituximab	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
DICE	dexamethasone, ifosfamide, cisplatin, etoposide (VP-16)	aggressive relapsed lymphomas, progressive neuroblastoma
DT-PACE	dexamethasone, thalidomide, platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide	multiple myeloma
EC	epirubicin, cyclophosphamide	breast cancer
ECF	epirubicin, cisplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU)	gastric cancer and esophageal cancer
EOX	epirubicin, oxaliplatin, capecitabine
EP	etoposide, platinum agent	testicular cancer, germ cell tumors
EPOCH	etoposide, prednisone, vincristine (Oncovin), cyclophosphamide, and hydroxydaunorubicin	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
EPOCH-R or R-EPOCH	etoposide, prednisone, vincristine (Oncovin), cyclophosphamide, and hydroxydaunorubicin plus rituximab	B cell Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
ESHAP	etoposide, methylprednisolone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
ESHAP-R or R-ESHAP	etoposide, methylprednisolone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent plus rituximab	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
FAM	fluorouracil, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), mitomycin
FCM or FMC	fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone	B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
FCM-R or R-FCM or R-FMC or FMC-R	fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone plus rituximab	B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
FM	fludarabine, mitoxantrone	B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
FM-R or R-FM or RFM or FMR	fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and rituximab	B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
FEC	fluorouracil (5-FU), epirubicin, cyclophosphamide	breast cancer
FL (also known as Mayo)	fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid)	colorectal cancer
FLAG	fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF	relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
FLAG-Ida or FLAG-IDA or IDA-FLAG or Ida-FLAG	fludarabine, cytarabine, idarubicin, G-CSF	relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
FLAG-Mito or FLAG-MITO or Mito-FLAG or MITO-FLAG or FLANG	mitoxantrone, fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF	relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
FLAMSA	fludarabine, cytarabine, amsacrine	myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia
FLAMSA-BU or FLAMSA-Bu	fludarabine, cytarabine, amsacrine, busulfan	myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia
FLAMSA-MEL or FLAMSA-Mel	fludarabine, cytarabine, amsacrine, melphalan	myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia
FOLFIRI	fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), irinotecan	colorectal cancer
FOLFIRINOX	fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), irinotecan, oxaliplatin	pancreatic cancer
FOLFOX	fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), oxaliplatin	colorectal cancer
GC	gemcitabine, cisplatin
GVD	gemcitabine, vinorelbine, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin	Hodgkin lymphoma
GemOx or GEMOX	gemcitabine, oxaliplatin	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
GemOx-R or GEMOX-R or R-GemOx or R-GEMOX	gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, rituximab	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
IA or IAC	idarubicin x 3 days plus Ara-C (cytarabine) x 7 days, a variant of classical 7+3 regimen	Acute myelogenous leukemia, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia
ICE	ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide (VP-16)	aggressive lymphomas, progressive neuroblastoma
ICE-R or R-ICE or RICE	ICE + rituximab	high-risk progressive or recurrent lymphomas
IFL	irinotecan, leucovorin (folinic acid), fluorouracil	colorectal cancer
m-BACOD	methotrexate, bleomycin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), dexamethasone	non-Hodgkin lymphoma
MACOP-B	methotrexate, leucovorin (folinic acid), doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), prednisone, bleomycin	non-Hodgkin lymphoma
MINE	mesna, ifosfamide, novantrone, etoposide	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphoma in relapse or refractory cases
MINE-R or R-MINE	mesna, ifosfamide, novantrone, etoposide plus rituximab	Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphoma in relapse or refractory cases
MMM	mitomycin, methotrexate, mitoxantrone
MOPP	mechlorethamine, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, prednisone	Hodgkin's lymphoma
MVAC	methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, cisplatin	advanced bladder cancer
MVP	mitomycin, vindesine, cisplatin
NP	cisplatin, vinorelbine
PACE	platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide
PCV	Procarbazine, CCNU (lomustine), vincristine	brain tumors
PEB	cisplatin, etoposide, bleomycin
PEI	cisplatin, etoposide, ifosfamide
POMP	6-mercaptopurine (Purinethol), vincristine (Oncovin), methotrexate, and prednisone	acute adult leukemia
ProMACE-MOPP	methotrexate, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide + MOPP	non-Hodgkin lymphoma
ProMACE-CytaBOM	prednisone, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cytarabine, bleomycin, vincristine (Oncovin), methotrexate, leucovorin	non-Hodgkin lymphoma
RdC	lenalidomide (Revlimid), dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide
R-DHAP or DHAP-R	rituximab + DHAP; that is, rituximab, dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent
R-FCM or FCM-R	rituximab + FCM; that is, rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone	B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
R-ICE or ICE-R or RICE	rituximab + ICE; that is, rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide	high-risk progressive or recurrent lymphomas
RVD	lenalidomide (Revlimid), bortezomib, dexamethasone
Stanford V	doxorubicin (Adriamycin), mechlorethamine, bleomycin, vinblastine, vincristine, etoposide, prednisone	Hodgkin lymphoma
TAC or ACT	docetaxel (Taxotere) or paclitaxel (Taxol), doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide	breast cancer
TC or CT	docetaxel (Taxotere), cyclophosphamide	breast cancer
TCH	paclitaxel (Taxol), carboplatin, trastuzumab (Herceptin)	breast cancer with positive HER2/neu receptor
Thal/Dex	thalidomide, dexamethasone	multiple myeloma
TIP	paclitaxel (Taxol), ifosfamide, platinum agent cisplatin (Platinol)	testicular cancer, germ cell tumors in salvage therapy
EE-4A	vincristine, actinomycin	Wilms' tumor
DD-4A	vincristine, actinomycin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin)	Wilms' tumor
VAC	vincristine, actinomycin, cyclophosphamide	rhabdomyosarcoma
VAD	vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), dexamethasone	multiple myeloma
VAMP	one of 3 combinations of vincristine and others	Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma
Regimen I	vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), etoposide, cyclophosphamide	Wilms' tumor
VAPEC-B	vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), prednisone, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, bleomycin	Hodgkin's lymphoma
VD-PACE	bortezomib, dexamethasone plus platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide
VIFUP	vinorelbine, cisplatin, fluorouracil
VIP	vinblastine, ifosfamide, platinum agent, (etoposide(VP-16) may substitute for vinblastine, making a regimen sometimes referred to as VIP-16)	testicular cancer, germ cell tumors
VTD-PACE	bortezomib (Velcade), thalidomide, dexamethasone plus platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide

External Links

• NCI Drug Dictionary
• NCI Thesaurus
• HemOnc.org Drug Index