Stevens-Johnson syndrome causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Causes
- SJS can be caused by infections, usually following viral infections such as:
- Allergic reactions to drugs
- Acetaminophen
- Albendazole
- Amifostine
- Amoxicillin
- Cefadroxil
- Cefotaxime sodium
- Ceftazidime
- Clobazam
- Diclofenac
- Fluconazole[1]
- Indinavir
- Isotretinoin
- Lincomycin Hydrochloride
- Valdecoxib
- Penicillin
- Interferon gamma
- Barbiturates
- Sulfas
- Phenytoin
- Piperacillin
- Modafinil
- Lamotrigine
- Nevirapine
- Ibuprofen,[2] (ethosuximide, Carbamazepine)[3][4]
- Infliximab, Imatinib
- Rabeprazole
- Raltegravir
- Ritonavir
- Malignancy (carcinomas and lymphomas)
- Idiopathic factors (up to 50% of the time). SJS has also been consistently reported as an uncommon side effect of herbal supplements containing ginseng. SJS may also be caused by cocaine usage.[5]
- Although Stevens Johnson Syndrome may be caused by viral infections or malignancies, severe allergic reactions to medication is the leading cause. Medications that have traditionally been known to lead to Stevens Johnson Syndrome, Erythema multiforme, and Lyell's Syndrome (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis) include;
- Sulfonamides (antibiotics)
- Penicillin's (antibiotics)
- Barbiturates (sedatives)
- Phenytoin - Dilantin (anticonvulsant)
- Drug side effects:
References
- ↑ Medsafe Data Sheet March 8, 2005. Accessed April 26, 2007.
- ↑ Raksha MP, Marfatia YS (2008). "Clinical study of cutaneous drug eruptions in 200 patients". Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 74 (1): 80. PMID 18193504.
- ↑ Fagot J, Mockenhaupt M, Bouwes-Bavinck J, Naldi L, Viboud C, Roujeau J (2001). "Nevirapine and the risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis". AIDS. 15 (14): 1843–8. doi:10.1097/00002030-200109280-00014. PMID 11579247.
- ↑ Devi K, George S, Criton S, Suja V, Sridevi P (2005). "Carbamazepine--the commonest cause of toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a study of 7 years". Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 71 (5): 325–8. PMID 16394456.
- ↑ Stevens-Johnson Syndrome-emerg/555 at eMedicine