Ethchlorvynol

Ethchlorvynol

File:Ethchlorvynol.png
Clinical data
Routes of administration	Oral
ATC code	N05CM08 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	Schedule IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	35-50%
Identifiers
IUPAC name 1-chloro-3-ethyl-pent-1-en-4-yn-3-ol
CAS Number	113-18-8
PubChem CID	3281
DrugBank	APRD00958
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C7H9ClO
Molar mass	144.598 g/mol

Ethchlorvynol is a sedative and hypnotic drug. It has been used to treat insomnia, but has been largely superseded and is only offered where an intolerance or allergy to other drugs exists.

Along with expected sedative effects of relaxation and drowsiness ethchlorvynol can cause skin rashes, faintness, restlessness and euphoria. Early adjustment side effects can include nausea and vomiting, numbness, blurred vision, stomach pains and temporary dizziness. An overdose is marked by confusion, fever, peripheral numbness and weakness, reduced coordination and muscle control, slurred speech, reduced heartbeat.

It is addictive and after prolonged use can cause withdrawal symptoms including convulsions, hallucinations, and memory loss. Due to these problems, it is unusual for ethchlorvynol to be prescribed for periods exceeding seven days.

Ethchlorvynol is a member of the class of sedative-hypnotic tertiary carbinols, which inludes methylparafynol. It is not a barbituric acid derivative. The systematic name of ethchlorvynol is usually given as ethyl 2-chlorovinyl ethynyl carbinol or 1-chloro-3-ethyl-1-penten-4-yl-3-ol. Its empirical formula is C₇H₉ClO. In the United States Abbott Laboratories used to sell it under the tradename Placidyl. During their heyday, they were known on the street as "jelly-bellies". Since Abbott and Banner Pharmacaps, which manufactured the generic version, discontinued production in 1999, ethchlorvynol is no longer available in the United States.

Ethchlorvynol as it relates to William Rehnquist

File:William Rehnquist.jpg

Supreme Court Chief Justice William Rehnquist used the prescription drug Placidyl

Placidyl is the drug prescribed for William Rehnquist as treatment of insomnia after back surgery in 1971, according to FBI files obtained after Rehnquist's death. Before he was hospitalized in 1981, court employees noticed that Rehnquist's speech was slurred and that he seemed to be having mental lapses. The hospital doctors took him off the medication, causing withdrawal symptoms, which included hallucinations.

One of the physicians who treated Rehnquist for Placidyl withdrawal, according to the FBI files, described auditory hallucinations in the form of voices discussing him outside his hospital room. At one point the Justice tried to flee the hospital in his pajamas, specifically because of the mistaken belief that the CIA was plotting against him.

File:Ethchlorvynol DOJ.jpg

References

• PubChem Substance Summary: Ethchlorvynol National Center for Biotechnology Information. Accessed 1 September 2005 (UTC)
• Electronic Orange Book: Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations Food and Drug Administration. Accessed 12 December 2005 (UTC)
• FBI: Rehnquist withdrew from painkillers (CNN.com) Accessed 5 Jan. 2007

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