Renal cell carcinoma risk factors
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
|
Renal cell carcinoma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Renal cell carcinoma risk factors On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Renal cell carcinoma risk factors |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Renal cell carcinoma risk factors |
Overview
Established risk factors for renal cell carcinoma include cigarette smoking, hypertension, end-stage renal failure, analgesic drug use, environmental exposure to carcinogens, and some genetic syndromes.
Risk factors
Most patients with renal cell carcinoma do not have typical risk factors. Established risk factors for the development of renal cell carcinoma are shown below:
- Acetaminophen and analgesic drug use[7]
- Asbestos or trichloroethylene exposure[7]
- Tuberous sclerosis[5][6]
- von-Hippel Lindau[8]
- Hereditary paraganglioma[9]
- Leiomyomatosis
- Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome[9]
References
- ↑ Hunt JD, van der Hel OL, McMillan GP, Boffetta P, Brennan P (2005). "Renal cell carcinoma in relation to cigarette smoking: meta-analysis of 24 studies". Int J Cancer. 114 (1): 101–8. doi:10.1002/ijc.20618. PMID 15523697.
- ↑ Yuan JM, Castelao JE, Gago-Dominguez M, Yu MC, Ross RK (1998). "Tobacco use in relation to renal cell carcinoma". Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 7 (5): 429–33. PMID 9610793.
- ↑ Bjørge T, Tretli S, Engeland A (2004). "Relation of height and body mass index to renal cell carcinoma in two million Norwegian men and women". Am J Epidemiol. 160 (12): 1168–76. doi:10.1093/aje/. PMID 15583369.
- ↑ van Dijk BA, Schouten LJ, Kiemeney LA, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA (2004). "Relation of height, body mass, energy intake, and physical activity to risk of renal cell carcinoma: results from the Netherlands Cohort Study". Am J Epidemiol. 160 (12): 1159–67. doi:10.1093/aje/. PMID 15583368.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Ishikawa I, Saito Y, Asaka M, Tomosugi N, Yuri T, Watanabe M; et al. (2003). "Twenty-year follow-up of acquired renal cystic disease". Clin Nephrol. 59 (3): 153–9. PMID 12653256.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Rakowski SK, Winterkorn EB, Paul E, Steele DJ, Halpern EF, Thiele EA (2006). "Renal manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex: Incidence, prognosis, and predictive factors". Kidney Int. 70 (10): 1777–82. doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5001853. PMID 17003820.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 McCredie M, Pommer W, McLaughlin JK, Stewart JH, Lindblad P, Mandel JS; et al. (1995). "International renal-cell cancer study. II. Analgesics". Int J Cancer. 60 (3): 345–9. PMID 7829242.
- ↑ Lonser RR, Glenn GM, Walther M, Chew EY, Libutti SK, Linehan WM; et al. (2003). "von Hippel-Lindau disease". Lancet. 361 (9374): 2059–67. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13643-4. PMID 12814730.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B (2009). "Renal cell carcinoma". Lancet. 373 (9669): 1119–32. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4. PMID 19269025.