Adrenocortical carcinoma history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [3]
Overview
Symptoms of adrenocortical carcinoma include symptoms of androgen, glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, or estrogen excess.
History
Adrenocortical carcinoma may present differently in children and adults. Most tumors in children are functional, and virilization is by far the most common presenting symptom, followed by Cushing's syndrome and precocious puberty. Among adults presenting with hormonal syndromes, Cushing's syndrome alone is most common, followed by mixed Cushing's and virilization (glucocorticoid and androgen overproduction). Feminization and Conn syndrome (mineralcorticoid excess) occur in less than 10% of cases. Non-functional tumors (about 40%, authorities vary) usually present with abdominal or flank pain, or they may be asymptomatic and detected incidentally.
Common Symptoms
All patients with suspected adrenocortical carcinoma should be carefully evaluated for signs and symptoms of hormonal syndromes. This may include the followings:
1- Glucocorticoid excess symptoms include:
- Weight gain
- Muscle wasting
- Purple lines on the abdomen
- Buffalo hump
- Moonlike face
- Thin, fragile skin
2- Androgen excess symptoms (most readily noted in females) include:
- excess facial and body hair
- Acne
- Clitoromegaly
- Deepening of the voice
- Coarsening of facial features
- Cessation of menstruation
3- Mineralcorticoid excess symptoms include:
4- Estrogen excess symptoms (most readily noted in males)include:
- Gynecomastia
- Decreased libido
- Impotence[1]
5- Other symptoms may include:[2]
- Abdominal mass
- Abdominal or back Pain
- Fullness in the abdomen
Less Common Symptoms
Rarely, catecholamines excess has been reported in adrenocortical cancers symptoms include:[3]
References
- ↑ Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005. ISBN 0-07-139140-1
- ↑ National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015.http://www.cancer.gov/types/adrenocortical/patient/adrenocortical-treatment-pdq#section/_1
- ↑ Richard Cote, Saul Suster, Lawrence Weiss, Noel Weidner (Editor). Modern Surgical Pathology (2 Volume Set). London: W B Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-7253-1.