Glioma CT

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Sujit Routray, M.D. [3]

Overview

Head CT scan may be diagnostic of glioma.

Head CT scan may be diagnostic of glioma.^[1]


Type of glioma	Gross pathological features

Pilocytic astrocytoma	1. Large cystic component with a brightly enhancing mural nodule (67%) Non enhancing cyst wall (21%) Enhancing cyst wall (46%) 2. Heterogeneous, mixed solid and multiple cysts and central necrosis (16%) 3. Completely solid (17%)
Low-grade astrocytoma	1. Isodense or hypodense 2. Positive mass effect 3. No enhancement 4. Calcification is rare 5. Cystic component
Anaplastic astrocytoma	1. Variable enhancement 2. Regions of low attenuation 3. Positive mass effect
Glioblastoma multiforme	1. Irregular thick margins: iso- to slightly hyperattenuating (high cellularity) 2. Irregular hypodense centre representing necrosis 3. Marked mass effect 4. Surrounding vasogenic edema 5. Hemorrhage 6. Calcification is rare
Oligodendroglioma	1. Hypodense to isodense 2. Calcification (70-90%) 3. Hemorrhage 4. Overlying skull may show pressure erosion
Ependymoma	1. Coarse calcification is common (50%) 2. Cystic areas (50%) 3. Iso- to hypodense solid component 4. Heterogeneous enhancement 5. Hemorrhage