Carcinoid syndrome history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]
Overview
Symptoms of carcinoid tumor include flushing, diarrhea, wheezing, abdominal cramps, wheezing, and cough.
History
Symptoms
Most carcinoids are asymptomatic through the natural lifetime and are discovered only upon surgery for unrelated reasons; these are called coincidental carcinoids. But all carcinoids are considered to have malignant potential.
About 10 percent of carcinoids secrete excessive levels of a range of hormones, most notably serotonin (5-HT), causing:
- Flushing
- Diarrhea
- Wheezing
- Abdominal cramping
- Swelling of leg
This constellation of symptoms is called carcinoid syndrome or (if acute) carcinoid crisis. Occasionally, haemorrhage or the effects of tumour bulk are the presenting symptoms.
Lung Carcinoid Tumor
Thymic Carcinoids
Approximately 40% of patients with thymic carcinoid have Cushing syndrome as a result of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by the tumor.
Carcinoid Heart Disease
Carcinoid heart disease develops in more than one-third of patients with carcinoid syndrome. Symptoms include:[1]
- Tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation
- Pulmonary stenosis
- Mitral and aortic insufficiency
- Cardiac dysrhythmias
References
- ↑ General Information About Gastrointestinal (GI) Carcinoid Tumors . National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/hp/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq#link/_49_toc Accessed on September 24, 2015