Carcinoid syndrome CT

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]

Overview

Chest CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. On high-resolution CT scan of the chest, peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor is characterized by a solitary and round pulmonary nodule, whereas bronchial carcinoid tumor is characterized by a single well-defined, round or ovoid, hilar or perihilar mass with marked homogenous enhancement. On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with heterogeneous attenuation.

CT

Peripheral Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest

Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor include:

• Most are discovered as an incidental rounded solitary pulmonary nodule.
• Size at diagnosis can vary but ranges around 10-30mm.
• Lobulated margin with an average Hounsfield value on post contrast imaging at around 50.
• Imaging features are often non specific and tissue diagnosis is essential in determining diagnosis.

Bronchial Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest

Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of bronchial carcinoid tumor include:

• A single hilar or perihilar mass which is usually well-defined, round or ovoid.
• Can be of any size but typically range ~2-5 cm.
• There is often marked homogeneous contrast enhancement due to high vascularity.
• Calcification (usually eccentric) can occur but is not a common feature.

Thymic Carcinoid

On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with heterogeneous attenuation.

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