Pituitary adenoma physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]
Overview
The presence of altered mental status, nausea, lethargy and visual field defect (bitemporal hemianopsia) on physical examination is suggestive of pituitary adenoma.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Based on the size of the adenoma and type of the hormone that being secreted patient may appears lethargic, nauseated, drowsy, obese, thin, or diaphoretic. However, patient may also appears well.
Vitals
Temperature
- Hyperthermia may be present
Pulse
Rate
- Tachycardia may be present
Rhythm
- The pulse is regular
Strength
- The pulse may be bounding
Blood Pressure
- Hypertension may be present
Respiratory Rate
- Tachypnea may be present
Neurologic
- Mental status may be altered
- Hyperactive reflexes may be present
- Deficits in cranial nerves I, II, III, and VI may be present
Eyes
- Visual filed defect (bitemporal hemianopsia) maybe be present
Chest
- Breasts may be enlarged