Primary central nervous system lymphoma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma constitutes approximately 3%-4% of all primary brain tumors.[1]
- Primary CNS lymphoma constitues approximately 1%-2% of all lymphomas.[1]
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma has been diagnosed in at least 2% of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus, and in 9–14% of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-autopsies.[2]
- Primary CNS lymphoma is, after toxoplasmosis, the most common cause of focal brain lesions in AIDS patients.[2]
Incidence
- The overall incidence rate of primary central nervous system lymphoma is 0.4 cases per 100,000 individuals per year.[1]
The incidence of PCNSL in the immunocompetent population has been reported to have increased more than 10-fold from 2.5 cases to 30 cases per 10 million population[3][4]. The cause for the increase in incidence of this disease in the immunocompetent population is unknown.
Age
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma does not have predilections for any age group.[5]
- The incidence of primary central nervous lymphoma increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 39 years.[2]
- The peak incidence is between 60 and 70 years old for immunocompetent patients.[1]
- Young age of the patient should be noted, because it is not typical for primary CNS lymphoma.
- Significant increment of incidence rate over time is associated with increased incidence of AIDS and advanced age.
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with primary central nervous system lymphoma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.5 to 1.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Manenti, G.; Di Giuliano, F.; Bindi, A.; Liberto, V.; Funel, V.; Garaci, F. G.; Floris, R.; Simonetti, G. (2013). "A Case of Primary T-Cell Central Nervous System Lymphoma: MR Imaging and MR Spectroscopy Assessment". Case Reports in Radiology. 2013: 1–5. doi:10.1155/2013/916348. ISSN 2090-6862.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Haldorsen, Ingfrid S; Kråkenes, Jostein; Goplen, Anne K; Dunlop, Oona; Mella, Olav; Espeland, Ansgar (2008). "AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: a Norwegian national survey 1989–2003". BMC Cancer. 8 (1): 225. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-225. ISSN 1471-2407.
- ↑ Eby NL, Grufferman S, Flannelly CM, Schold SC, Jr., Vogel FS, Burger PC. Increasing incidence of primary brain lymphoma in the US. Cancer 1988;62(11):2461-2465
- ↑ Corn BW, Marcus SM, Topham A, Hauck W, Curran WJ, Jr. Will primary central nervous system lymphoma be the most frequent brain tumor diagnosed in the year 2000? Cancer 1997;79(12):2409-2413
- ↑ Primary central nervous system lymphoma. Wikipedia 2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_central_nervous_system_lymphoma. Accessed on February 18, 2016