Bronchiolitis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alonso Alvarado, M.D. [2]
History and Symptoms
- Bronchiolitis should be suspected when acute onset of upper respiratory tract infection appears, followed by lower respiratory tract infection symptoms (wheezing, cough and shortness of breath) in a child younger than 2 years.[1]
- The incubation period of the virus is of 2-8 days; therefore symptoms begin within one week of contact with a symptomatic patient.[2]
- Patients usually start with symptoms of a mild upper respiratory infection which includes fever, cough and nasal discharge.[2]
- Symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection include:[1]
- Fever is usually not high; in case of high fever other causes should ruled out, such as bacterial infections.
- Apnea is a severe manifestation of RSV infection, more common in children under 3 months of age and premature infants.[2]
- Lethargy is also common as vomit can be secondary to cough and poor feeding secondary to tachypnea may lead to dehydration.[1]
- History of cyanosis is related with severe disease.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Mandell, Gerald L.; Bennett, John E. (John Eugene); Dolin, Raphael. (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious disease. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Wright M, Mullett CJ, Piedimonte G (2008). "Pharmacological management of acute bronchiolitis". Ther Clin Risk Manag. 4 (5): 895–903. PMC 2621418. PMID 19209271.
- ↑ Smyth RL, Openshaw PJ (2006). "Bronchiolitis". Lancet. 368 (9532): 312–22. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69077-6. PMID 16860701.