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A particularly helpful mnemonic for causes of pulmonary cavities is:

CAVITY

Mnemonic

C: Cancer

  • Bronchogenic carcinoma: most frequently SCC
  • Cavitatory pulmonary metastasis(es): again most frequently SCC

A: autoimmune

  • Wegener's granulomatosis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatoid nodules) etc.

V: vascular (both bland and septic pulmonary embolus)

I: Infection (bacterial/fungal)

  • Pulmonary abscess
  • Pulmonary tuberculosis

T: trauma

  • Pneumatocoeles

Y: youth

  • CPAM
  • Pulmonary sequestration
  • Bronchogenic cyst
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