Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]
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Overview
The prognosis of pheochromocytoma is generally good but metastatic pheochromocytoma has a 5-year survival rate of approximately 45%.[1] Massive release of catecholamines can causes damage to myocytes.
Natural History, Complication and Prognosis
Complication
The massive release of catecholamines in pheochromocytoma can cause damage to myocytes.[2] This damage may be due to either a compromise of the coronary microcirculation or the direct toxic effects of catecholamines on myocytes.[2] Other complications may include:
- Hyperglycemia
- Refractory hypertension
- Malignant hypertension
- Metastasis to lymph nodes, bones, lungs, and liver
Prognosis
The 5-year survival of pheochomocytoma in the setting of metastatic disease (whether identified at the time of initial diagnosis or identified postoperatively as recurrent disease) is 40% to 45%.
References
- ↑ National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/types/pheochromocytoma/hp/pheochromocytoma-treatment-pdq#link/_25_toc
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Goldman 2011, pp. 327