Bursitis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]

Overview

Physical examination

Type of Bursitis Physical examination Maneuver
Subacromial bursitis
  • Redness over the joint
  • Swelling and warmth
  • Stiffness of the joint
  • Tender on palpation at lateral or anterior shoulder
  • Reduced active range of motion (ROM) with decreased elevation, internal rotation and abduction
  • Speed’s test (not specific)
  • Neer’s test (not specific)
  • Impingement test (doesn’t exclude the other medical conditions that can be confused with bursitis such as rotator cuff injury)
  • Empty beer can test (differentiate a bursitis from a supraspinatus tendinitis)
  • Glenohumeral abduction (can be positive in bursitis and frozen shoulder which can occurred with bursitis )
Olecranon bursitis
  • Abrasion or contusion of skin (in a case of trauma)
  • Swelling, at the posterior elbow
  • Goose egg appearance over the olecranon process
  • Tenderness for palpation at the affected site
  • Systematic inflammatory processes
    • Fever
    • Rheumatoid nodules
Trochanteric bursitis.
  • Tenderness at lateral hip, aggravated by active and passive external rotation and abduction
  • Lateral hip pain on direct palpation
  • Weakness of the hip-abductors
  • Ober's_Test (reduced range of motion was significant)
  • Resistance test (pain and tenderness with resisting at external rotation)
Prepatellar bursitis
  • Erythema
  • Ususally very large swelling at the affected site
  • Painful while bending and stretching the knee
  • Reduced active range of motion (ROM)
Retrocalcaneal bursitis
  • Swelling at the back of heel
  • Tenderness at the back of heel
  • Painful ankle dorsiflexion

References


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