Syphilis classification
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]
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Overview
Syphilis may be classified according to the development of disease into 2 groups: congenital and acquired. Acquired syphilis may be classified further into 5 subtypes: primary, secondary, latent and tertiary syphilis.
Classification
There is no established clasification system for syphilis. However, it may be classified into following subtypes:[1][2][3][4][5][4][6][7][8][9][10]
Congenital
Early
- Manifests before 2 years of age
Late
- Manifests after 2 years of age
Acquired
- Mode of transmission is direct contact with infectious lesion (usually on oral or genital contact). Acquired syphilis presents in progressive stages as follows:
Primary
Secondary
- Develops weeks to months after chancre[12]
- Manifests with constitutional symptoms such as fever, headache, malaise, lymphadenopathy and localized or diffuse rash called condyloma lata
- Lasts 1-6 months
Latent syphilis
- Early latent: Asymptomatic < 2 years
- Late latent: Asymptomatic > 2 years
Tertiary or Gummatous syphilis
References
- ↑ French P (2007). "Syphilis". BMJ. 334 (7585): 143–7. doi:10.1136/bmj.39085.518148.BE. PMC 1779891. PMID 17235095.
- ↑ Chakraborty R, Luck S (2008). "Syphilis is on the increase: the implications for child health". Arch Dis Child. 93 (2): 105–9. doi:10.1136/adc.2006.103515. PMID [uid 18208988[uid]] Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats10/app-casedef.htm Accessed on September 19, 2016
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lago EG, Vaccari A, Fiori RM (2013). "Clinical features and follow-up of congenital syphilis". Sex Transm Dis. 40 (2): 85–94. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31827bd688. PMID 23324972.
- ↑ Woods CR (2005). "Syphilis in children: congenital and acquired". Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 16 (4): 245–57. doi:10.1053/j.spid.2005.06.005. PMID 16210105.
- ↑ Rathbun KC (1983). "Congenital syphilis". Sex Transm Dis. 10 (2): 93–9. PMID 6318372.
- ↑ Hook EW, Peeling RW (2004). "Syphilis control--a continuing challenge". N Engl J Med. 351 (2): 122–4. doi:10.1056/NEJMp048126. PMID 15247352.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Kennedy JL, Barnard JJ, Prahlow JA (2006). "Syphilitic coronary artery ostial stenosis resulting in acute myocardial infarction and death". Cardiology. 105 (1): 25–9. doi:10.1159/000088337. PMID 16179782.
- ↑ "Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 10-1998. A 46-year-old man with chest pain and coronary ostial stenosis". N Engl J Med. 338 (13): 897–903. 1998. doi:10.1056/NEJM199803263381308. PMID 9518283.
- ↑ Singh AE, Romanowski B (1999). "Syphilis: review with emphasis on clinical, epidemiologic, and some biologic features". Clin Microbiol Rev. 12 (2): 187–209. PMC 88914. PMID 10194456.
- ↑ Musher, Daniel M. "Early syphilis." Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill (1999): 479-487.
- ↑ Chapel TA (1980). "The signs and symptoms of secondary syphilis". Sex Transm Dis. 7 (4): 161–4. PMID 7455863.
- ↑ Pereira TM, Fernandes JC, Vieira AP, Basto AS (2007). "Tertiary syphilis". Int J Dermatol. 46 (11): 1192–5. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03438.x. PMID 17988342.
- ↑ Berger JR, Dean D (2014). "Neurosyphilis". Handb Clin Neurol. 121: 1461–72. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-4088-7.00098-5. PMID 24365430.