Chronic stable angina treatment weight management
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Chronic stable angina Microchapters | ||
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Classification | ||
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Differentiating Chronic Stable Angina from Acute Coronary Syndromes | ||
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Diagnosis | ||
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Alternative Therapies for Refractory Angina | ||
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Discharge Care | ||
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Guidelines for Asymptomatic Patients | ||
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Case Studies | ||
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Chronic stable angina treatment weight management On the Web | ||
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Chronic stable angina treatment weight management in the news | ||
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to Hospitals Treating Chronic stable angina treatment weight management | ||
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Chronic stable angina treatment weight management | ||
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3] Phone:617-632-7753; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [4]; Smita Kohli, M.D.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan. M.B.B.S.
Overview
Obesity is directly associated with the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors such as: hypertension, diabetes, reduced levels of HDL-C and elevated levels of triglyceride. Research has demonstrated that CAD risk factors contribute to a strong, graded, J-shaped univariable relationship between BMI and cardiovascular disease mortality. This increased mortality, when adjusted for age, self-reported smoking status, total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure, maintained significant hazard ratios.[1] Hence, in obese patients with CAD, weight reduction and/or dietary interventions may be warranted to reduce the incidence of above-mentioned risk factors and prevent future coronary events. Weight reduction is strongly recommended in patients with a BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 and in patients with increased waist circumference (greater than 102 cms for men and 89 cms for women), characteristic of truncal obesity.[2] Based on the plasma lipid abnormalities, adequate dietary modification may also be indicated.[3]
2007 Chronic Angina Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2002 Guidelines and 2002 Guideline Update for the Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina (DO NOT EDIT)[4][2]
Weight Management (DO NOT EDIT)[4][2]
| Class I |
| "1. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference should be assessed regularly. On each patient visit, it is useful to consistently encourage weight maintenance or reduction through an appropriate balance of physical activity, caloric intake, and formal behavioral programs when indicated to achieve and maintain a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2. (Level of Evidence: B) " |
| "2. If waist circumference is greater than or equal to 35 inches (89 cm) in women or greater than or equal to 40 inches (102 cm) in men, it is beneficial to initiate lifestyle changes and consider treatment strategies for metabolic syndrome as indicated. Some male patients can develop multiple metabolic risk factors when the waist circumference is only marginally increased (e.g., 37 to 40 inches [94 to 102 cm]). Such persons may have a strong genetic contribution to insulin resistance. They should benefit from changes in life habits, similarly to men with categorical increases in waist circumference. (Level of Evidence: B) " |
| "3. The initial goal of weight loss therapy should be to gradually reduce body weight by approximately 10% from baseline. With success, further weight loss can be attempted if indicated through further assessment. (Level of Evidence: B) " |
| Class IIa |
| "1. Weight reduction in obese patients in the absence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes mellitus. (Level of Evidence: C) " |
References
- ↑ Dudina A, Cooney MT, De Bacquer D, De Backer G, Ducimetière P, Jousilahti P et al. (2011) Relationships between body mass index, cardiovascular mortality, and risk factors: a report from the SCORE investigators. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil ():. DOI:10.1177/1741826711412039 PMID: 21642320
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Fraker TD, Fihn SD, Gibbons RJ, Abrams J, Chatterjee K, Daley J et al. (2007)2007 chronic angina focused update of the ACC/AHA 2002 Guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Writing Group to develop the focused update of the 2002 Guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina. Circulation 116 (23):2762-72.[1] PMID: 17998462
- ↑ Smith GD, Shipley MJ, Marmot MG, Rose G (1992) Plasma cholesterol concentration and mortality. The Whitehall Study. JAMA 267 (1):70-6. PMID: 1727199
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Gibbons RJ, Abrams J, Chatterjee K, Daley J, Deedwania PC, Douglas JS et al. (2003) ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for the management of patients with chronic stable angina--summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina). Circulation 107 (1):149-58.[2] PMID: 12515758