Intracerebral hemorrhage epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology
Incidence
- The overall incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) ranges from 12 to 31 per 100,000 population.[1]
Age
- The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) increases with age, after age 35 every 10 years, the risk of having ICH is getting doubled.[2]
- Primary lobar hemorrhages, due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, are typically seen in elderly.
- Younger patients may also develop lobar hemorrhages, but in such cases they usually have an underlying lesion such as cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM).[3]
Gender
Race
- The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is the highest in Asians.
- In African Americans, the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is 48 cases per 100,000 persons.
- In Whites, the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is 48 cases per 100,000 persons. [4]
- The incidence of Intracerebral hemorrhage is higher in Mexican Americans than non-Hispanic whites.[5]
Case fatality rate
- The 30-day case fatality rate of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) ranges from 37,000 to 52,000 cases per 100,000 individuals.[6][7]
- Death at 1 year for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) varies by location:[8]
- Deep ICH 50,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
- Lobar ICH 57,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
- Cerebellar ICH 42,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
- Brain steam 65,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
References
- ↑ Gebel JM, Broderick JP (2000). "Intracerebral hemorrhage". Neurol Clin. 18 (2): 419–38. PMID 10757834.
- ↑ Stein M, Misselwitz B, Hamann GF, Scharbrodt W, Schummer DI, Oertel MF (2012). "Intracerebral hemorrhage in the very old: future demographic trends of an aging population". Stroke. 43 (4): 1126–8. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.644716. PMID 22282880.
- ↑ Falcone GJ, Biffi A, Brouwers HB, Anderson CD, Battey TW, Ayres AM; et al. (2013). "Predictors of hematoma volume in deep and lobar supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage". JAMA Neurol. 70 (8): 988–94. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.98. PMC 3808840. PMID 23733000.
- ↑ Flaherty ML, Woo D, Haverbusch M, Sekar P, Khoury J, Sauerbeck L; et al. (2005). "Racial variations in location and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage". Stroke. 36 (5): 934–7. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000160756.72109.95. PMID 15790947.
- ↑ Morgenstern LB, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Risser JM, Uchino K, Garcia N; et al. (2004). "Excess stroke in Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic Whites: the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project". Am J Epidemiol. 160 (4): 376–83. doi:10.1093/aje/kwh225. PMC 1524675. PMID 15286023.
- ↑ Dennis, Martin S., et al. "Long-term survival after first-ever stroke: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project." Stroke 24.6 (1993): 796-800.
- ↑ Kleindorfer D., Broderick J., Khoury J., et al: The unchanging incidence and case-fatality of stroke in the 1990s: a population-based study. Stroke 2006; 37: pp. 2473-2478
- ↑ Woo, Daniel, and Joseph P. Broderick. "Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: epidemiology and clinical presentation." Neurosurgery clinics of North America 13.3 (2002): 265-279.