Helicobacter pylori infection epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Approximately two-thirds of the world's population is infected with H. pylori. In the United States, H. pylori is more prevalent among older adults, African Americans, Hispanics, and lower socioeconomic groups.
Approximately 25 million Americans suffer from peptic ulcer disease at some point in their lifetime. Each year there are 500,000 to 850,000 new cases of peptic ulcer disease and more than one million ulcer-related hospitalizations.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- H.pylori inhabits more than 50% of world's population especially in developing countries.[1]
Mortality rate
Age
- All age groups may develop H.pylori infection
- The prevalence of infection increases with age.[2]
- About 30%-50% of H.pylori infections are acquired during childhood which increases to 90% during adulthood in developing countries.[3]
- H.pylori infection in developed countries is less common in children and reaches upto 60% with increasing age.[4]
- In united states, 20% of adolescents are infected with H.pylori when compared to 90% in by 5 years of age in developing countries.[5]
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with H.pylori infection than females.[6]
Race
- In United States, H.pylori infection is a common disease that tends to affect African Americans, Hispanics, and the elderly compared to whites.Khalifa MM, Sharaf RR, Aziz RK (2010). "Helicobacter pylori: a poor man's gut pathogen?". Gut Pathog. 2 (1): 2. doi:10.1186/1757-4749-2-2. PMC 2861632. PMID 20356368.Everhart JE, Kruszon-Moran D, Perez-Perez GI, Tralka TS, McQuillan G (2000). "Seroprevalence and ethnic differences in Helicobacter pylori infection among adults in the United States". J. Infect. Dis. 181 (4): 1359–63. doi:10.1086/315384. PMID 10762567.
Developing countries
- The prevalence of H.pylori is higher in developing countries than that in developed countries.Khalifa MM, Sharaf RR, Aziz RK (2010). "Helicobacter pylori: a poor man's gut pathogen?". Gut Pathog. 2 (1): 2. doi:10.1186/1757-4749-2-2. PMC 2861632. PMID 20356368.Salih BA (2009). "Helicobacter pylori infection in developing countries: the burden for how long?". Saudi J Gastroenterol. 15 (3): 201–7. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.54743. PMC 2841423. PMID 19636185.
Developed countries
- The prevalence of H.pylori is declining in United States.
- In United states, approximately 25% of children between 6-19 years old are infected.[7]
References
- ↑ "Epidemiology of, and risk factors for, Helicobacter pylori infection among 3194 asymptomatic subjects in 17 populations. The EUROGAST Study Group". Gut. 34 (12): 1672–6. 1993. PMC 1374460. PMID 8282253.
- ↑ Mégraud F, Brassens-Rabbé MP, Denis F, Belbouri A, Hoa DQ (1989). "Seroepidemiology of Campylobacter pylori infection in various populations". J Clin Microbiol. 27 (8): 1870–3. PMC 267687. PMID 2549098.
- ↑ Cheng H, Hu F, Zhang L, Yang G, Ma J, Hu J; et al. (2009). "Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and identification of risk factors in rural and urban Beijing, China". Helicobacter. 14 (2): 128–33. doi:10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00668.x. PMID 19298340.
- ↑ Go MF (2002). "Review article: natural history and epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection". Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 16 Suppl 1: 3–15. PMID 11849122.
- ↑ Frenck RW, Clemens J (2003). "Helicobacter in the developing world". Microbes Infect. 5 (8): 705–13. PMID 12814771.
- ↑ de Martel C, Parsonnet J (2006). "Helicobacter pylori infection and gender: a meta-analysis of population-based prevalence surveys". Dig. Dis. Sci. 51 (12): 2292–301. doi:10.1007/s10620-006-9210-5. PMID 17089189.
- ↑ Staat MA, Kruszon-Moran D, McQuillan GM, Kaslow RA (1996). "A population-based serologic survey of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents in the United States". J. Infect. Dis. 174 (5): 1120–3. PMID 8896521.