Hemorrhoids other diagnostic studies

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Overview

Anoscopy is mandatory to visualize internal hemorrhoids as they are not visible on inspection of the anal verge or palapable on performing digital rectal exam.

Endoscopic image of internal hemorrhoids seen on retroflexion of the flexible sigmoidoscope at the ano-rectal junction	[[Image:Hemorrhoids2.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Direct view of hemorrhoid seen on sigmoidoscopy

Other Diagnostic Studies

• Internal hemorrhoids can be viewed only using the anoscope or the flexible sigmoidoscope.
• Hemorrhoids appear as bulging bluish mass above the dentate line.
• If there is accompanying constitutional symptoms (e.g. weight loss) , colonoscopy should be done to exclude colon cancer.

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Gallery

• 
  Direct view of hemorrhoid seen on sigmoidoscopy
• 
  Endoscopic image of internal hemorrhoids seen on retroflexion of the flexible sigmoidoscope at the ano-rectal junction