Relapsing fever differential diagnosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Differentiating Relapsing fever from other Diseases
The following infectious diseases should be considered in someone with recurrent episodes of a febrile illness:
Colorado tick fever, Infectious mononucleosis, Ascending (intermittent) cholangitis, Yellow fever, African hemorrhagic fevers, Lymphocytic choriomengitis, Dengue fever, Leptospirosis, Infections with echovirus 9, Malaria, Chronic meningococcemia, Infections with Bartonella species, Brucellosis, Rat bite fever.[1]
| Disease | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Bacterial Infection | |
| Borreliosis (Lyme Disease) [2] | Flu-like illness, fatigue, fever, arthritis, neuroborreliosis, cranial nerve palsy, carditis and erythema migrans. |
| Relapsing Fever [3] | Consistently documented high fevers, flu-like illness, headaches, muscular soreness or joint pain, altered mental status, painful urination, rash, and rigors. |
| Typhus (Rickettsia) | |
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever | Fever, altered mental status, myalgia, rash, and headaches. |
| Helvetica Spotted Fever [4] | Rash: spotted, red dots. Respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough), muscle pain, and headaches. |
| Ehrlichiosis Anaplasmosis [5] | Fever, headache, chills, malaise, muscle pain, nausea, confusion, conjunctivitis, or rash (60% in children and 30% in adults). |
| Tularemia [6] | Ulceroglandular, Glandular, Oculoglandular, Oroglandular, Pneumonic, Typhoidal. |
| Viral Infection | |
| Tick-borne meningoencephalitis [7] | Early Phase: Non-specific symptoms including fever, malaise, anorexia, muscle pains, headaches, nausea, and vomiting. Second Phase: Meningitis symptoms, headache, stiff neck, encephalitis, drowsiness, sensory disturbances, and potential paralysis. |
| Colorado Tick Fever [8] | Common symptoms include fever, chills, headache, body aches, and lethargy. Other symptoms associated with the disease include sore throat, abdominal pain, vomiting, and a skin rash. A biphasic fever is a hallmark of Colorado Tick Fever and presents itself in nearly 50% of infected patients. |
| Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever | Initially infected patients will likely feel a few of the following symptoms; headache, high fever, back and joint pain, stomach pain, vomiting, flushed face, red throat petechiae of the palate, and potentially changes in mood as well as sensory perception. |
| Protozoan Infection | |
| Babesiosis [9] | Non-specific flu like symptoms. |
References
- ↑ http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/RelapsingFever/RF_Symptoms.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/RelapsingFever/RF_LabAnalysis.htm
- ↑ Lyme Disease Information for HealthCare Professionals. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/healthcare/index.html Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ Relapsing Fever Information. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/relapsing-fever/ Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Information. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/rmsf/ Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ Disease index General Information (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/babesiosis/health_professionals/index.html Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Information. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). \http://www.cdc.gov/tularemia/index.html Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ General Disease Information (TBE). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/tbe/ Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ General Tick Deisease Information. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/coloradotickfever/index.html Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ Babesiosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/babesiosis/disease.htmlAccessed December 8, 2015.